en گفتار درمانی Speech therapy پژوهشي Original Research Articles <strong>Objectives</strong>: The prelinguistic skills which pave the way for language development have always been an area of research in the Speech Therapy field. Although studying these skills is important, there is a study gap among Persian children. Therefore, this study explored prelinguistic skills among a sample of Persian-speaking children aged 6 to 24 months and made a comparison between different age groups. We also studied the effects of gender and family history of speech-language disorders on children&rsquo;s prelinguistic abilities.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: In the present study, 277 mothers of Iranian Persian-speaking children aged 6 to 24 months were asked to fill a research-made checklist that evaluated the prelinguistic skills of their children. This study was cross-sectional and was conducted in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. Children&rsquo;s abilities in different age groups were compared using the analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the post-hoc test. The differences between the total scores of the two genders were also determined using the Mann-Whitney U test.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: Comparing the prelinguistic skills in different age groups indicated a statistically significant increase in the scores as children grow up. Children with a positive family history of speech-language disorders scored lower on the checklist than the others (91.03&plusmn;17.37). Furthermore, there were statistically significant differences between the two genders in developing gesture, vocalization, first words, social interaction, imitation, and play; girls had higher scores.&nbsp;<br> <strong>Conclusion</strong>: Based on the studies conducted in different countries, prelinguistic skills develop as children grow up; these skills facilitate language acquisition and other social skills. The present study also demonstrated the development of these skills alongside children&rsquo;s development. This similarity between Persian-speaking children and other children from different cultures and languages, as well as better performance in children with a negative family history of speech-language impairments, confirm the role of genetic factors in children&rsquo;s development. Moreover, the differences in the development of some prelinguistic skills between girls and boys reveal the impact of various factors, such as social factors, on prelinguistic skills development.&nbsp; Prelinguistic skills, Communication, Children, Gesture, Eye contact, Vocalization 441 454 http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1605-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Narges Bayat narges.bayat1997@gmail.com 0000-0003-2808-4069 No Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Atieh Ashtari at.ashtari@uswr.ac.ir 0000-0003-1190-4649 Yes Department of Speech Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Mohsen Vahedi mo.vahedi@uswr.ac.ir 0000-0002-4645-6770 No Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Paediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.