@article{ author = {EbrahimiTakamjani, Ismail and Ezzati, Kamran and Khani, Saemeh and Sarrafzadeh, Javad and Tabatabaei, Abbas}, title = {The Effects of Ultrasound-guided Dry Needling on Patients With Myofascial Pain Syndrome}, abstract ={Objectives: Dry Needling (DN) is a novel and effective intervention for patients with Myofascial Pain Syndrome (MPS). Some characteristics, such as needle penetration depth, needle insertion into the target muscle, and trigger points must be identified in this intervention. The Ultrasound (US)-guided DN is a technique that involves needle insertion at the site of injury and the simulation of tissue injury and inflammation under US guidance; it indicates the needle insertion site to ensure that it does not penetrate the adjacent tissues. The current study aimed to review previous studies regarding the effects of US-guided DN on MPS. Methods: A search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Springer, and Science Direct databases to retrieve studies published from 2010 to March 2020. We included investigations regarding the effects of US-guided DN on the treatment of MPS. The following keywords and MeSH terms were used in the search process: “ultrasound-guided, musculoskeletal ultrasonography, myofascial pain syndrome, trigger points, and dry needling.”  Results: A total of 47 relevant articles were retrieved. However, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the review, 11 articles were finally selected. All studies reported significant pain relief following the use of US-guided DN in patients with MPS. Discussion: Considering the precise visualization of the site of muscle involvement, precise needle insertion, and reduction of the risk of further injury in US-guided DN may be a useful approach for MPS management in short-term and long-term studies.}, Keywords = {Ultrasound-guided, Ultrasonography, Dry needling, Trigger points, Musculoskeletal pain, Myofascial pain syndrome}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {369-376}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.133.3}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1190-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1190-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Dehghanizadeh, Moslem and Akbarfahimi, Malahat and Zareiyan, Armin and Yazdani, Farzaneh and Khalafbeigi, Mitra and Soleimani, Fari}, title = {Predictors of Interest in Performing Activities Among Iranian Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy}, abstract ={Objectives: Generally, adolescents who are interested in performing activities experience positive emotions and report high levels of well-being. However, adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) encounter various issues affecting their interests. The present research was planned to investigate the predictor factors that affect the interest in performing activities in Iranian adolescents with CP. Methods: In total, 312 adolescents with CP (10-19-year-olds, Mean±SD age: 14.08±2.34 y) participated in this cross-sectional study. Their gross motor function was assessed by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), and their manual ability was evaluated by the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) in random order by an occupational therapist. All study participants also completed the Adolescent Interest Inventory-Cerebral Palsy (AII-CP). The predictive model was analyzed using a multiple linear regression model by the enter method. Results: The multiple linear regression analysis data presented that the highest independence in motor performance, personal values, social environment support, and age appeared to be the strongest predictors of interest in performing activities in the explored adolescents with CP (R2: 0.475). Discussion: Interest as a significant factor for participation and motivation in conducting daily living activities is associated with the highest independence in motor performance, personal values, social environment support, and the age of adolescents with CP.}, Keywords = {Interest, Volition, Participation, Motor activity, Adolescent, Cerebral palsy, Predictor}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {377-386}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.422.5}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1141-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1141-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Samiee, Safieh and Jalilevand, Nahid and Kamali, Mohammad and Modarresi, Yahy}, title = {The Grammatical Abilities in a Speech Sample of Persian-speaking Children With Cochlear Implants}, abstract ={Objectives: Studies reported that children with Cochlear Implant (Cl) presented difficulties in grammatical acquisition. The Persian language is inflectional. The present study aimed to compare word-level inflections in the language samples of CI recipients and healthy-hearing children. Methods: Thirty children were recruited in this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. The Language Sample Analysis (LSA) was used as a method of language production evaluation. Language samples were gathered using picture descriptions. A total of 3000 intelligible utterances were elicited and transcribed. An adaptation of the Language Assessment, Remediation, and Screening Procedure (LARSP) for Persian (P-LARSP), and the Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) techniques were used for the analyses of utterances. Results: The stages of language development of CI recipients were lower than those of the healthy children. The obtained results indicated a significant difference between children with CI and healthy-hearing children in MLU (P=0.0001). Moreover, we found a significant difference between the study groups in the mean frequency of word-level inflections (P=0.0001). Discussion: Children with CI use less word-level inflections, compared to their healthy-hearing counterparts. }, Keywords = {Language Assessment, Remediation, and Screening Procedure for Persian (P-LARSP), Language sample, Cochlear implant, Persian, Word level inflections}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {387-394}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.523.4}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1103-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1103-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Shahbazi, Akram and Mokhtarinia, Hamid Reza and Biglarian, Akbar and Gabel, Charles Philip}, title = {The Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Iranian Spinner Workers in the Textile Industry and its Association With Demographic and Lifestyle Characteristics}, abstract ={Objectives: This study aimed to identify the annual and weekly prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) and their relation to demographic characteristics, such as Body Mass Index (BMI), work experience, and physical activity in spinner workers in the textile industry. We also conducted a comparison between the annual and weekly prevalence of MSDs.  Methods: The study sample included 700 male spinner workers (Mean±SD age: 32.6±6.5 years) from 10 companies in Najaf Abad City, Isfahan Province, Iran. Information about MSDs was collected through the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (ENMQ) from November 2018 to September 2019. Demographic characteristics were collected using a demographic checklist through a direct interview by one investigator.  Results: The present study findings suggested that the Mean±SD duration of work hours per week was 56.6±8.4 hours. The Mean±SD times of experiencing an injury equaled 27.8±33.1 months. The annual prevalence of MSDs was reported to be 74.4% for at least one of the 9 body regions. The highest annual prevalence rates belonged to the knees (54.0%), lower back (34.3%), and shoulders (23.1%). In contrast, the most weekly prevalent regions were the knees (44.6%), lower back (26.9%), and ankles (15.9%). Generally, the weekly prevalence was significantly lower than that of the annual prevalence (P<0.008). Job experience, marital status, and physical exercise presented a significant relationship with the annual prevalence of MSDs in the neck, shoulders, elbows, wrists, hands, knees, and ankle/foot. Contrarily, there was a significant relationship between job experience and the weekly prevalence of MSDs in the shoulder, lower back, and knee regions. The prevalence of neck, shoulders, wrists/hands, low back, knee, and ankle/foot pain was significantly increased in married workers. Furthermore, exercise history could cause a significant decrease in the prevalence of MSDs. Discussion: The high prevalence of MSDs in spinner workers is affected by some demographic characteristics; thus, such data should be considered in planning the prevention strategies within the textile industry.}, Keywords = {Prevalence, Spinner workers, Musculoskeletal disorder, Body Mass Index (BMI)}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {395-404}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.919.2}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1180-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1180-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Ghorbani, Faezeh and Kamyab, Mojtaba and Azadinia, Fatemeh and Ahmadi, Amir}, title = {The Reliability and Concurrent Validity of Digital Inclinometer, Smartphone Applications, and the Cervical Range of Motion Device for Measuring the Cervical Range of Motion}, abstract ={Objectives: Changes in the Range of Motion (ROM) are essential criteria in determining the severity of spinal disorders and could be effective in predicting pain progression. Instruments to measure the ROM are costly and unavailable in most therapy settings. While there is a tendency in therapists to use their smartphones instead, there is no report to measure the suitability of smartphones to be employed for this purpose. The current study aimed to compare the inter- and intra-rater reliability and concurrent validity of a Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) device (as a gold standard), a digital inclinometer, and smartphones in measuring the CROM in asymptomatic adults. Methods: Twenty-four healthy subjects (11 women, 13 men) aged 22 to 45 years were recruited for this study. Neck movements were assessed per study subject using CROM device, dual digital inclinometer, as well as IOS (for iPhone), and Android applications. Despite the popularity of using smartphone applications, there was no study comparing such applications. Results: The dual inclinometer and iPhone clinometer and compass applications presented acceptable absolute and relative reliability (ICC=0.662-0.913) and (ICC=0.753-0.887), respectively for neck movements in all planes. The reliability of the Android clinometer application in the sagittal and frontal planes was also acceptable (ICC=0.76-0.937); however, the Android compass application used in the horizontal plane indicated the least intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC: 0.202-0.433) in this area. Discussion: All the tested tools differed from the gold standard depending on the direction of movement, confirmed i.e. approved by the Bland-Altman. The dual digital inclinometer presented moderate to high agreement to the CROM device for all motions, except for rotation. The iPhone applications had high to a very high agreement, and the Android application revealed poor to a moderate agreement. These discrepancies should be considered in employing smartphones for diagnosing a cervical disorder and determining a therapeutic plan. However, as phone applications indicated desirable reproducibility, these tools could be used for the follow-up and monitoring of changes in the CROM.}, Keywords = {Spine, Cervical vertebrae, Movement, Phone, Reproducibility of results}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {405-418}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.927.1}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1061-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1061-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Malekian, Maryam and Zarifian, Talieh and Teymouri, Robab}, title = {Development of Word Definition Skill in Persian-speaking 54-90-month-olds}, abstract ={Objectives: Word definition skill is a complex language ability in which meta-linguistic awareness and literacy skills play a critical role. The present study examined the development of word definition skills in Persian-speaking children aged 4.5 to 7.5 years, concerning content and form aspects. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and analytic-descriptive study. The study subjects were 107 children of three age groups, as follows: 54-65-month-olds, 66-77-month-olds, and 78-90-month-olds. The study participants were selected from kindergartens and schools in districts 1, 7, and 17 of Tehran City, Iran, by multi-stage sampling method. In the word definition task, children were requested to define the words. To analyze the obtained data, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used. Results: The obtained results indicated that the mean score of content (P=0.001) and form (P=0.002) aspects of word definition significantly increased with age in the study participants. Discussion: A shift from functional and objective responses towards meta-linguistic definitions, i.e. further developed in terms of content and form, was observed with aging. At the age of 7 years, definitions reflect the hierarchical nature of nouns, and applying the class name begins at this age. The age of reaching a specific class seems to be affected by the lexical category.}, Keywords = {Development, Word definition, Child, Semantic}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {419-430}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.970.1}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1083-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1083-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Salehi, Sousan and Khatoonabadi, Ahmad Reza and Ashrafi, Mahmoud Reza and Mohammadkhani, Ghasem and Maroufizadeh, Sam}, title = {The Effects of Emotional Content on Phonological Processing in Children Who Stutter}, abstract ={Objectives: Stuttering and phonological processing are mutually related. Emotion is an effective factor in fluency and language processing; however, its underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. Event-Related Potential (ERP) is a non-invasive highly-beneficial method with high time resolution for language processing. The present study aimed to explore phonological processing in emotional words in Children Who Stutter (CWS), compared to Typically-Developing Children (TDC). Methods: Ten Persian-speaking CWS (3 girls, 7 boys), aged 7-10 years (Mean±SD = 8.9±0.11) and 10 TDC who are matched in age (Mean±SD = 8.7±0.12) and gender were given 120 emotional words (high-valence low-valence) and neutral words to read. Phonological processing was measured by the aloud reading task, while ERP was simultaneously recorded. The collected results were analyzed as behavioral (reaction time and reading accuracy) and electrophysiological (amplitude and topography). Repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Independent Samples t-test were used for between-group comparisons. Results: The obtained behavioral data included Reaction Time (RT) and accuracy. There were no significant differences between the explored CWS and TDC in RT and accuracy (P>0.05). The mean value of amplitudes presented significant differences between CWS and TDC in language processing areas (P<0.05). The collected results indicated higher mean values of amplitude for neutral words. The distribution highly differed between the investigated CWS and TDC in neutral and negative words. However, there were similarities in positive words in distribution between the study groups. Discussion: The studied CWS and TDC were similar concerning behavioral results. High-valence words in the CWS group presented a higher similar distribution, compared to the TDC groups; however, low-valence words in the explored CWS had a more similar amplitude to the TDC group for neutral words. Then, emotional content facilitated phonological processing in the investigated CWS in the given time range.}, Keywords = {Emotion, Phonological processing, Reading, Children Who Stutter (CWS), Event-Related Potential (ERP)}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {431-444}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.1010.1}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1129-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1129-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Younesi, Jalal and Kazemi, Javad and Khanjani, Mohammad Saeed and Dadkhah, Asghar and Biglarian, Akbar and EbrahimiBarmi, Banafsheh}, title = {The Effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on the Sense of Coherence, Locus of Control, and Posttraumatic Growth in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis}, abstract ={Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on the Sense of Coherence (SOC), Locus of Control (LoC), and Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). These factors were explored according to the prevalence of psychological problems in these patients. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test and a control group design. The study population included all patients with MS from Iran’s MS Association in Tehran City, Iran. The study sample included 30 patients (n=15/group) who were selected by purposive sampling technique and according to the study inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. After obtaining necessary permissions and informed consent, a pre-test was initially performed. The instruments used in this study were ‎the 29-item Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Scale; the 29-item Julian Rotter’s Locus of Control Scale, and the 21-item Tedeschi and Calhoun’s Posttraumatic Growth scale. Several studies supported the reliability and validity of these scales. The experimental group received 8 sessions (once a week, each session: 1.5 h) of group Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). However, the control group received no intervention. After the intervention, according to the instructions, the post-test was performed. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS V. 21. Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) was performed to examine between-group differences data. Results: The study findings indicated that ACT was effective on the SoC; however, it had no significant effect on the LoC and PTG (P=0.05). Discussion: Participation in ACT sessions could enhance the SoC of patients with MS. Accordingly, it can be improved by accepting and enhancing these patients’ commitment to change through psychotherapy approach and increasing their SoC.}, Keywords = {Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Multiple sclerosis, Sense of Coherence (SOC), Locus of control, Posttraumatic Growth (PTG)}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {445-454}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.1016.2}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1107-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1107-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Mohammadzadeh, Mahsa and Haghgoo, Hojjat Allah and Biglarian, Akbar}, title = {Effects of Combined Mental and Physical Practices on Walking and Daily Living Activities in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis}, abstract ={Objectives: Mental practice, as a neuropsychological factor effective in motor recovery, is a cognitive rehearsal of a physical skill without muscular activity. Considering the high level of fatigue in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), we hypothesized that using mental practice as a low-level energy-consuming method added to physical practice could be a useful therapeutic strategy. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of combined mental and physical practices on walking and daily living activities in patients with MS. Methods: A randomized double-blind controlled trial was applied in the present research. In total, 22 subjects with MS were randomly allocated into the occupational therapy and mental practice groups; all study subjects received equal occupational therapy interventions 3 days a week for 6 weeks. However, in addition to occupational therapy services, the study group received mental exercises. Such practices included the visual and kinesthetic imagery of walking activity in the presence of external cues. Walking ability and daily living activities were assessed at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 2 weeks after the treatment (follow-up). Gait parameters (distance and speed) were measured by the functional scales of the 6-Minute Walk Test and the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test. The Barthel Index was used to test individuals’ performance in daily living activities. Results: The presented combined mental and physical practice significantly improved walking distance and walking speed in post-treatment (P=0.047, P<0.001) and follow-up (P=0.044, P=0.001) assessments, respectively. The Barthel Index scores significantly changed per group; however, no significant differences were found between the control and test groups in this regard (P=0.386). Discussion: The present study data revealed that performing mental practice along with occupational therapy interventions are more effective than regular interventions alone in the gait rehabilitation of patients with MS. These significant differences in walking performance in the intervention group remained obvious till the follow-up stage.}, Keywords = {Multiple sclerosis, Walking, Daily living activities, Occupational therapy, Rehabilitation, Mental practice}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {455-464}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.1070.1}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1135-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1135-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Haresabadi, Fatemeh and Ghasisin, Leila and Schindler, Antonio and HeidarianMiri, Hamid and Dabirian, Mohadese and Ghayoumi-Anaraki, Zahr}, title = {Developing and Examining the Psychometrics of Single-word Quick Repetition Test for Speech Sound Production in Persian-speaking Children}, abstract ={Objectives: The present study aimed to develop and validate a quick repetition test using familiar and culture-based words for assessing Persian-speaking children with Speech Sound Disorders (SSDs). Methods: The study sample was divided into two groups, including 419 participants without any clinical signs of speech impairment and 36 cases with SSD. The psychometric properties of the single word quick repetition test, including reliability (inter-rater and test-retest reliability) and validity (construct, discriminant, convergent, clinical and concurrent validity) were examined. Moreover, the descriptive data for children without SSD were reported. Results: The obtained test-retest and inter-rater reliability data were satisfactory with Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC): >0.7. There was a positive correlation between the results of the quick repetition test and phonetic test, indicating the scale’s acceptable convergence validity. Using inflated beta-binomial regression, statistically significant improvement in test score was found with age (discriminant validity). Comparing the correct responses of the control and case groups (clinical validity) revealed a significant difference in responses between the study groups. Results of Bland–Altman plot suggested an acceptable agreement between quick repetition test and phonetic test (construct validity).  Discussion: The Persian quick repetition test is a valid and reliable instrument facilitating the screening of speech sound abilities in 3-8-year-olds. Moreover, this test’s conciseness makes it easily applicable in clinical practice and epidemiologic investigations. Establishing descriptive data from a large sample facilitated comparing children’s speech ability to the speech development standards.}, Keywords = {Speech sound disorder, Assessment, Reliability, Validity}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {465-474}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.1085.2}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1153-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1153-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Pakdee, Sirinthip and Sengsoon, Praphatso}, title = {Changes in Gait Pattern During Smartphone and Tablet Use}, abstract ={Objectives: There exists no study concerning gait pattern while engaging in dual-task activities on different sizes of mobile devices. The present study aimed to compare gait patterns during normal walking, walking with smartphone use, and walking with tablet use.  Methods: Seventeen healthy female participants with an age range of 19-24 years (Mean±SD age: 20.29±1.61 years, weight: 49.82±4.46 kg, height: 156.59±4.87 cm, body mass index: 20.47±0.84 kg/m2, and leg length: 81.35±3.79 cm.) participated in the present research. The study subjects were requested to walk for 10 meters under the following conditions: normal walking; walking while typing a text message with a smartphone, and walking while typing a text message with a tablet. The Vicon® Three-Dimensional (3D) motion analysis recorded the motion of reflective markers attached to the study participant’s body. Gait parameters (step length, stride length, step time, stride time, step width, velocity, and cadence) were compared between the explored walking conditions.  Results: The gait parameter of normal walking, compared with walking during smartphone use as well as tablet use were significantly different in the gait pattern (P<0.05). Using either a smartphone or tablet during walking presented decreased step length for legs, gait velocity, and cadence. However, there was an increase in the right leg’s step time and stride time. Moreover, there was no significant difference in gait patterns between walking during smartphone use and walking during tablet use (P>0.05).  Discussion: Changes in gait pattern during walking while typing a text message with either a smartphone or tablet may lead to greater attention and concentration required to type the message; such actions resulted in decreased gait speed and step length.}, Keywords = {Gait, Walking, Smartphone, Tablet, Smartphone, Tablet}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {475-484}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.1108.1}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1150-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1150-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {ShaikhulHasan, Mohammad and Anusaksathien, Kantabhat and Siripornpibul, Taweesak and Narattharaksa, Kani}, title = {Assessing Post-stroke Outpatients’ Rehabilitation Service Quality Gaps in Bangladesh}, abstract ={Objectives: The majority (80%) of stroke survivors in Bangladesh have lived with either minor or major physical, emotional, and cognitive disabilities. Due to patients’ poor perceived experience in healthcare services, participation in rehabilitation care has become a significant challenge for them. Consequently, it increases the burden of stroke disability. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the gaps in post-stroke outpatients’ rehabilitation Service Quality (SQ) and factors related to these gaps. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was administered on 311 post-stroke outpatients who were selected by stratified sampling method from 5 divisional centers of a rehabilitation hospital. Data collection tools consisted of the following: a demographic information form and a modified Service Quality (SERVQUAL) questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was applied to analyze the internal consistency. Besides, Pearson’s (r) correlation test was applied to examine the correlation coefficient between the explored items. The obtained data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Paired Samples t-test, and Eta-statistic (δ) of the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: Patients’ expectations were rated higher than the perceptions in all dimensions of rehabilitation SQ and indicated a significant gap (t=-29.604, P<0.001). Patients’ occupation (δ=0.189), family status (δ=0.289), pre-stroke daily activities (δ=0.235), and post-stroke disability (δ=0.286) indicated a significant relationship with the gaps in rehabilitation SQ. Discussion: Post-stroke rehabilitation SQ gaps are required to be addressed by considering the factors related to these gaps. Most importantly, the rehabilitation hospital must integrate the continuous quality improvement monitoring systems to enhance SQ as well as patients’ participation in rehabilitation care programs.}, Keywords = {Patient expectation, Patient perception, Post-stroke, Rehabilitation service quality, Service Quality model}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {485-496}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.1114.1}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1159-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1159-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Zaworski, Kamil and Gawlik, Krystyna and Kręgiel-Rosiak, Anna and Baj-Korpak, Jo}, title = {Effects of Motor Control Training on the Concept of Kinetic Control in Treating Patella Ligament Tendinopathy in a Female Football Player: A Case Study}, abstract ={Objectives: Patellar ligament tendinopathy, also known as jumper’s knee, is a group of pain symptoms of the anterior side of the knee joint. The Kinetic Control (KC) concept uses the movement control rating system, based on motor tests and exercises aimed at re-educating motor control. The present study explored the effects of motor control training on the KC concept in treating patella ligament tendinopathy in a female football player.  Methods: The current case study was conducted on a 20-year-old female football player. She had been complaining of pain in the front of the right knee joint for two months. Her treatment involved KC training was conducted for 6 weeks (3 times a week for 30 minutes). To investigate the effectiveness of the presented therapy, the following tools were used: Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), The Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment–Patella (VISA-P scale), the Modified Laitinen Pain Questionnaire, Counter Movement Jump (CMJ) test on a dynamometric platform, and quadriceps muscle isometric test. The Asymmetry Index (AI) was applied to assess the asymmetry of quadriceps strength and lower limb loading. Results: The degree of pain (i.e. measured by the VAS) decreased from 7 points at pre-training to 1 point after 6 weeks of therapy. In the VISA-P measurement, pain decreased as a result of an increase in points from 53 to 82. Pain complaints (i.e. measured using the Laitinen questionnaire) decreased from 7 to 2 points. After treatment, the AI improved in all phases of the tests.  Discussion: The achieved data indicated that the neuromuscular KC training was effective in treating patellar tendinopathy. However, it is necessary to conduct further studies with larger sample size.}, Keywords = {Knee, Patella, Tendinopathy, Exercise therapy}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {497-502}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.1163.1}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1192-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1192-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} } @article{ author = {Gharib, Masoud and Vameghi, Roshanak and Fallahi, Mohse}, title = {Challenges of Rehabilitation Interventions in Beaulieu-boycott-innes Syndrome: A Case Report}, abstract ={Beaulieu-Boycott-Innes syndrome (BBIS), an autosomal recessive disorder, is characterized by dysmorphic facial features and developmental delay. In this case study, we used the age and stages questionnaire 2 (ASQ-2) to assess the developmental status of an Iranian 20-month-old girl displaying a complex BBIS phenotype. Rehabilitation interventions were designed and performed focusing on neurodevelopmental delay. Because she had a severe developmental delay and her scores in all five domains of ASQ-2 were below the cut-off points available for Iranian children, the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions was slower than expected. It seems that early rehabilitation and close follow-up should be considered for these children. We can assume that early and properly sensory-motor and cognitive interventions in these children may lead to growth development and prevent secondary complications.  }, Keywords = {Beaulieu‐Boycott‐Innes Syndrome (BBIS), Developmental delay, Rehabilitation}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {503-506}, publisher = {University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences }, doi = {10.32598/irj.18.4.100.7}, url = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1177-en.html}, eprint = {http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-1177-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Rehabilitation Journal}, issn = {17353602}, eissn = {17353610}, year = {2020} }