en گفتار درمانی Speech therapy مروري Reviews <div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:14px;"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><span style="line-height:2;"><strong>Objectives</strong>: Some children are at risk of middle ear infections; however, the impact of the fluctuating hearing sensations on cognitive systems and immature central auditory is not fully recognized. Therefore, we reviewed and discussed the impact of early-otitis media on the cognitive skills of affected school-aged children.<br> <strong>Methods</strong>: A computerized search of the databases was conducted between January 2000 and December 2020 using the following keywords, including &ldquo;otitis media&rdquo; and &ldquo;cognition&rdquo; or &ldquo;attention&rdquo; or &ldquo;memory&rdquo; or &ldquo;working memory&rdquo; or &ldquo;short term memory&rdquo;.<br> <strong>Results</strong>: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and appraising the quality, seven studies were included and the data were extracted. Some of the articles reported a relationship between otitis media with effusion (OME) and cognitive deficits in 5 years old children and the other studies did not yield significant association.<br> <strong>Discussion</strong>: It seems that children with OME experience difficulties in attention and memory; though, the relationship between early childhood OME and cognitive skills in children at school ages is not yet definitive and need more comprehensive and well-organized studies.</span></span></span></div> Otitis media, Cognition, Attention, Memory 305 316 http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1544-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Shamim Ghazi shamighazi1997@gmail.com 0000-0002-0298-3261 No Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences,University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Fatemeh Haresabadi haresabadif@mums.ac.ir 0000-0002-0761-0659 No Department of Speech Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Toktam Maleki Shahmahmood malekist@mums.ac.ir 0000-0002-1181-2077 Yes Department of Speech Therapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.