18 17353602 University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences 690 Speech therapy Duration of Stuttered Syllables Measured by “Computerized Scoring of the Stuttering Severity (CSSS)” and “Pratt” Rezai Hossein b Tahmasebi Neda c Zamani Peyman d Haghighizadeh Mohammad Hossein e Afshani Masumeh f Tahzibi Ferdous g Heydari Ali h b Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. c Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. d Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. e Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvazz, Iran. f Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. g Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. h Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 79 86 12 01 2017 20 04 2017 Objectives: This investigation aimed to compare the performance of two software packages, namely “Computerized Scoring of the Stuttering Severity (CSSS)” and “Praat,” in calculating the mean duration of stuttered syllables. Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, 35 eligible stuttering subjects (26 male and 9 female), aged between 18 and 42 (m=26.23±6.02) were selected via the non-probability sampling method to enter the study. Spontaneous speech samples of subjects with stuttering were recorded with the help of a video camera. Two separate tasks were used to calculate the Mean Duration of the Three Longest Stuttering Events (MDTLSE) by applying the second version of the CSSS software and the 5.3.78 version of the Praat software. In the first task, MDTLSE was measured 10 times for a subject with mild stuttering and a subject with severe stuttering. In the second task, MDTLSE was measured just one time for each stuttering participant, and comparison was performed by paired t-test using the SPSS Version 22.0 computer software. Results: In the first task, in which Praat and CSSS-2 were used for the calculation of MDTLSE (10 times), the minimum and maximum obtained values were found to differ by 0.007 seconds (7 milliseconds) and 0.2 seconds (200 milliseconds), respectively. In the second task, in which MDTLSE was calculated with the software CSSS-2 and Praat, the differences were 2.34±2.17 and 3.02±2.98, respectively, that were found to be statistically significant (P=0.025). Discussion: Higher reliability and replicability of duration values calculated by Praat software indicates that this software can be applied for more precise determination of duration of stuttered syllables. 
717 Psychology Male Infertility and Its Impact on Women’s Sexual Behaviors: Need Attention to Psychological Problem as A Psychological Rehabilitation Ghavi Fatemeh i Mosalanejad Leili j Abdollahifard Saeed k Golestan Jahromi Masomeh l i Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. j Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. k Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. l Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 87 94 23 12 2016 17 07 2017 Objectives: Those men who have long been suffering from infertility and failed to get any treatment experience higher levels of depression, are less satisfied with their sex lives, and are far less healthy. Sexual dysfunction is a problem among infertile couples that can affect marital relationship and satisfaction. This study aimed to examine male infertility and its influence on women’s sexual behaviors. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study in which people attending a Fertility Center in Yazd between 1 September 2013 and 10 March 2014 were included via convenience sampling. The subjects were women with infertile husbands without associated physical and mental diseases such as sexual function disorder, diabetes, cardiovascular and psychotic or mood disorder, or non-consumption of certain drugs and women with fertile husbands who were matched for age, education, and occupation. The data were gathered using three questionnaires: the Hurlbert Index of Sexual Assertiveness, Sexual Dysfunctional Beliefs Questionnaire (SDBQ), and Couple Burnout Measure (CBM). The results were then compared between the groups. Results: The findings showed that the mean two subscales of emotional burnout (P=0.01) and psychological burnout (P=0.001) from the CBM were statistically significant in both the groups of women. There were differences between the mean scores of two groups in SDBQ subcategories with respect to sexual self-thought (P=0.002) and sexual dysfunctional beliefs (P=0.04). Sexual assertiveness in women with fertile husbands was higher than in the other one. Sexual burnout and SDBQ subcategories were higher in women with infertile husbands than in women with fertile husbands. Discussion: Male infertility may be associated with sexual disorders in the partner. Attention to psychological need and rehabilitation in infertile couples may be helping them to increase mental health and quality of life in these people. 581 Addiction Internet Dependence and Sensation Seeking in Youth With Moderate Cerebral Palsy Rezayi Saeed m Massah Omid n m Allame Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran. n Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 95 102 14 11 2016 10 03 2017 Objectives: The present study examined excessive internet use of youths with moderate Cerebral Palsy (CP) and their psychological states in Sensation Seeking (SS).  Methods: This study followed descriptive and correlation research design. Individuals aged 15 to 25 years with CP who were referred to Tehran rehabilitation centers were considered in the study. The study sample (n=150) was randomly divided into two groups of internet dependents (n=75; boys=45 and girls=30) and non-dependents (n=75; boys=45 and girls=30). Internet Addiction Test and Sensation Seeking Scale have been used for data gathering. Data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation coefficients, multivariable regression, x2 and T tests. Results: Compared to non-dependents, the internet dependent group reported significantly more negative internet influences on daily routines such as clinical problems, poor school performance, regular nutrition, and relation with friends and family members. Both the groups pointed that internet use enhanced virtual peer relationships and provided up-to-date information. Internet dependents (both gender) scored significantly higher on disinhibition sensation seeking subscale than the internet non-dependents. However, these two groups (both gender) did not demonstrate significant differences in life experience seeking and thrill and adventure seeking subscales, but their differences were sizable.  Discussion: It seems that internet applications direct or indirectly motive users to be online for more hours than necessary. This is true for CP patients given their motor impairment. Based on this research result, it seems that persons with CP because of lack of physical activities, motive by internal stimulus and seeking their sensation from external stimulus like internet application as well as for person with CP surfing in internet world and spent too much time on the internet is leisure time not activity time. 661 Psychology Designing a Computerized Neuro-Cognitive Program for Early Diagnosing Children at Risk for Dyslexia Delavarian Mona o Afrooz Ali p Towhidkhah Farzad Rasoolzadeh Tabatabaei Kazem o Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. p Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Department of Psychology, School of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 103 110 16 11 2016 25 02 2017 Objectives: The aim of this research is to design a neuro-cognitive program, based on dysfunctions and alterations of some neural circuits in dyslexics. The visual and auditory working memories in pre-schoolers were evaluated with this program in order to early screening for dyslexia. Methods: This study is a longitudinal descriptive research. A total of 259 randomly selected pre-schoolers, with an average age of 6 years, participated in the study and the unskilled data of these students were gathered. These subjects were followed for two years. Thereafter, the remaining subjects were assessed accurately for dyslexia using different reading diagnostic tests. Then, the preschool unskilled data and the diagnosis were applied to automate the designed program. The program was designed in a game format and consisted of separate tasks measuring visual and auditory working memories and rapid naming. Results: From the calculation of content validity rate as the first step of content validity process, 3 out of 5 components, including visual and auditory working memories, and rapid naming were selected. The process and the results of content validity showed that the designed program has an appropriate and acceptable level of content validity. The amount of reliability of the program for visual and auditory working memories, and rapid naming were obtained as 0.89, 0.92 and 0.88, respectively. Moreover, the discriminative validity for auditory and visual working memories and rapid naming, between children with dyslexia, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) (a disorder having high similarity with dyslexia) and normal ones were obtained as 0.87, 0.67 and 0.8, respectively. It is worthy to say that the prediction accuracy of this neuro-cognitive program for dyslexia achieved 90.65%. Discussion: This program has an acceptable validity and reliability. It could be useful as an accurate assessment tool in predicting dyslexia before the occurrence of psychological scars and can be used as a quick screening tool for children at risk for dyslexia. 699 Speech therapy Word Order Acquisition in Persian Speaking Children Jalilevand Nahid Kamali Mohammad Modarresi Yahya Kazemi Yalda Department of Speech and Language Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Rehabilitation Management, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Linguistics, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran. Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 111 116 12 01 2017 31 03 2017 Objectives: Persian is a pro-drop language with canonical Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) word order. This study investigates the acquisition of word order in Persian-speaking children. Methods: In the present study, participants were 60 Persian-speaking children (30 girls and 30 boys) with typically developing language skills, and aged between 30-47 months. The 30-minute language samples were audio-recorded during free play with an examiner and during description of pictures.  Results: Object-Verb (OV) and subject-verb (SV) sentence structures were the most commonly used in two-component simple sentences. SOV was the most common three-component structures used by Persian-speaking children. Discussion: Despite the fact that the spoken-Persian language has no strict word order, Persian-speaking children tend to use other logically possible orders of subject (S), verb (V), and object (O) lesser than the SOV structure. 685 Physiotherapy Comparison of Agonist vs. Antagonist Stimulation on Triceps Surae Spasticity in Spinal Cord Khanna Sneha Kaur Jaskirat Department of Neuro-Physiotherapy, Pushpanjali Crosslay Hospital, Vaishali, India. Institute of Rehabilitation Sciences, Vasant Kunj, Delhi, India. 1 6 2017 15 2 117 124 26 11 2016 22 03 2017 Objectives: One of the most common and disabling complications that affects individuals with spinal cord injury is spasticity. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of agonist and antagonist electrical stimulations on triceps surae muscle spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods: A total of 30 subjects with spinal cord injury were considered for the study. They were divided into two groups randomly. Group 1 received agonist electrical stimulation (stimulation of triceps surae) and group 2 received antagonist electrical stimulation (stimulation of tibialis anterior) for 20 min, once daily, and 5 days per week for two weeks. To evaluate the therapeutic effect, modified Ashworth score, deep tendon reflex score and clonus score were tested before and after the treatment. Post treatment evaluation was made 24 h after the last treatment session. Results: Both the groups showed significant reductions in the modified Ashworth scores and deep tendon reflex scores after the intervention, but these reductions were not found in the clonus score. Also, there was no significant difference in the post intervention scores of modified Ashworth scale, deep tendon reflex and clonus score between the two groups. Discussion: This study provides evidence that both agonist electrical stimulation and antagonist electrical stimulations are equally effective in reducing spasticity in triceps surae muscle in patients with spinal cord injury. 688 Occupational therapy Investigating the Impact of Dual Task Condition and Visual Manipulation on Healthy Young Old During Non-Dominant Leg Stance Zeynalzadeh Ghoochani Bahareh Derakhshanrad Seyed Alireza Hosseini Seyed Ali Talebian Saeed Biglarian Akbar Zeinalzadeh Afsaneh Nazary Moghadam Salman Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 125 134 14 11 2016 04 04 2017 Objectives: The dominant leg has always received special attention in public health practices and even in professional clinical evaluation and interventions. The aim of this research study was to methodically examine the substrate balance character of the non-dominant leg under dual task conditions and visual deprivation to increase the baseline insight for maintaining body balance and for fall prevention in aging adults. Methods: Twenty healthy senior citizens with non-dominant left leg were conscripted into a cross-sectional study, the aim of which was to examine one-legged standing balance strategy on a force plate at Motor Control Laboratory in University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Four balance conditions with varied levels of difficulty, including: (a) single left leg standing with open eyes; (b) single left leg standing with open eyes performing Stroop dual task; (c) single left leg standing with eyes shut; and (d) single left leg standing with eyes shut under dual task condition. These conditions were applied to assess balance function of the non-dominant leg of the subjects.  Results: Repeated measurement tests revealed that among the six variables, namely Area, Mean Velocity, Range Fore After, Range Side Way, Entropy X, and Entropy Y, that are measured by force plate, only Entropy X did not have a significant difference between conditions (P<0.05). Discussion: Standing on non-dominant leg is a challenging task that requires a well-balanced system to survive the primary decreased somatosensory input. Therefore, the examinee had to have the requisite capabilities to cope with the changes caused when extra manipulation was included. During the course of the study, the most challenging situation was encountered when the subjects were standing on their non-dominant leg with eyes shut, which should be exactingly checked not to create a risky point as an Achilles’ heel of balance system. It was observed that the non-dominant leg was more susceptible to be affected when an aging adult did not have access to the visual input or during performing dual tasks with eyes shut. It is thus recommended that such conditions should be included in balance assessment tests or interventions. 701 Aging Studies Relationship Between Social Function and Social Well-Being in Older Adults Farokhnezhad Afshar Pouya Foroughan Mahshid Vedadhi Abou Ali Ghazi Tabatabaei Mahmoud Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 135 140 28 10 2016 19 02 2017 Objectives: Health refers to the condition of perfect physical, mental and social well-being. The appropriate social well-being is the opposite of loneliness and depression. Social well-being is a psychosocial concept that is affected by many factors. This study determined the relationship between social function and social well-being in older adults. Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted on 550 older adults in Tehran. The participants were selected by multistage cluster sampling. Data was collected using Social Well-being Scale and Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson coefficient and linear regression analysis in SPSS v. 22. Results: The mean age of participants was 66.10±6.68 years. The female participants accounted for 41.1% of subjects. There were significant correlations between all aspects of social function (quality of activities and the quality of relationships) and social well-being dimensions (P<0.01). The quality of activities had significant positive effects on all aspects of social well-being (P<0.01), and the quality of relationships also had significant effects on different aspects of social well-being, except on social coherence (P=n.s). Discussion: The findings showed that the social function affects social well-being. So individuals with higher social functioning also have higher social well-being and mental health. 704 Addiction Internet Addiction in High School Students and Its Relationship With the Symptoms of Mental Disorders Mohammadkhani Parvaneh Alkasir Emad Pourshahbaz Abbas Jafarian Dehkordi Fatemeh Soleimani Sefat Erfan Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Iran. Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 141 148 08 11 2016 12 03 2017 Objectives: One of the problems that the Internet has created is a virtual addiction or addiction to the global web world causing adverse psychological behavioral effects on the users. One of the groups at higher risk for Internet addiction is teenagers, and since Internet addiction will lead to academic failure in students, evaluating it among them and its relationship with signs of mental disorders seems necessary. Therefore, the aim of this research was to study Internet addiction and its relationship with the symptoms of mental disorders. Methods: This study was descriptive and correlational design. The sample population for the present study consisted of all male and female high school students of the academic year 2013-2014 in district 5 of Tehran. Among these individuals, a sample of 400 participants was randomly selected for analysis using cluster sampling method. To collect data, Internet addiction test and Brief Symptom Inventory were used, and data were analyzed using T-Test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: The results showed that there is no significant difference between prevalence of Internet addiction in male and female high school students in district 5 of Tehran. However, there is a significant positive relationship between Internet addiction variables and symptoms of mental disorders and particularly, independent variables of psychosis and anxiety from the signs of mental disorders had a profound effect on Internet addiction. Discussion: Internet addiction causes negative effects on individuals. As prevention is better than treatment and according to this study, it is necessary to take this phenomenon into consideration as a psychological problem that often involves the younger generation who are responsible for future society construction and through education in families, schools and universities, the culture of proper use of computers, in particular the Internet and its facilities should be replaced with the false methods. 715 Genetics Investigation of the Relationship Between a Genetic Polymorphism in ACTN3 and Elite Sport Performance Among Iranian Soccer Players Honarpour Asal Mohseni Marzieh Ghavidel Hajiagha Siamak Irani Shiva Najmabadi Hossein Genetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Genetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of ??? , School of ??? , Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Genetic Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 149 154 11 10 2016 28 01 2017 Objectives: Polymorphisms in α-actinin-3 (ACTN3) gene are considered to be important in the genetic predisposition to human athletic performance. Most of the activities in soccer such as jumping, striking the ball, and running are considered plyometric and explosive. Performance power during such activities depends on the strength of the muscles involved. Therefore, high muscle strength is considered crucial for soccer players. The primary objective of this study was to ascertain the association between ACTN3 R577X (rs1815739) polymorphism and sports athletism in Iranian elite male soccer players. Methods: In total, 90 top-level professional Iranian male soccer players and 200 nonathletic Iranian men from the general population participated in this case–control study. Exon 16 of ACTN3 was genotyped throughout polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) using the restriction enzyme DdeI and direct sequencing. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of R577X polymorphism in athletes were compared to the frequencies in the general population (nonathletes). Results: According to the results, the percentage distributions of 577RR and 577RX genotypes (41% and 37%, respectively) were significantly higher and lower, respectively, than that of controls (25% and 57%, respectively) (P<0.001). However, no statistically significant difference was found between allelic frequencies (P=0.20). Discussion: Our findings showed a significant association between ACTN3 genotypes and elite sport performance among Iranian male soccer players, which agrees with several previous studies. 722 Rehabilitation Management Investigating the Relationship of Visual Treatment and Rehabilitation With the Quality of Life and Visual Status in Children With Diagnosed Amblyopia Norashrafodin Seyedeh Fatemeh Vameghi Roshanak Hatamizadeh Nikta Bakhshi Enayatollah Yaghmaei Farideh Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Biostatistics, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 155 164 16 12 2016 21 03 2017 Objectives: To assess the relationship between visual rehabilitation with the quality of life and visual status in children who had been diagnosed with amblyopia in the national amblyopia screening program. Methods: Information was gathered from optometric centers in the cities of Nowshahr, Chalus, and Kelardasht, or in case it was not available, from parents of participating children. The KINDL Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire for Children was also completed by the children. Children were examined regarding visual acuity, stereopsis, strabismus, and refractive errors. Statistical tests such as one way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used via SPSS software version 22. Results: Overall, the researchers obtained the records of 90 children with amblyopia, of which 76 were included in the study based on the inclusion criteria. The amblyopic children who did not have an early and timely start of treatment aid and did not complete treatment were the most prevalent group (38.2%). The lowest frequency (13.2%) pertained to those who did not have a timely start of treatment but experienced a completed treatment process. The highest proportion of children with entirely uncorrected amblyopia was those who had a timely start of treatment but did not complete the treatment. The majority of amblyopic children who had a completely corrected amblyopia had strictly acted in accordance with their therapist’s prescription. In contrast, the majority of those children whose amblyopia was left completely untreated had not acted in accordance with the therapist’s prescription. The children who had started treatment early but had not completed it obtained the lowest score on quality of life. The highest mean score was observed in the children who had completed their treatment process, either with or without an early start of the treatment. Discussion: The completion of treatment seemed to be of higher importance in the correction of amblyopia and increased the quality of life than the early start of treatment. Therefore, the authorities and therapists are recommended to pay more attention to follow-ups for completion of the treatment process and its important impact on improving eyesight and children’s quality of life. 691 Counseling Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Training in Reducing Depression in Visually Impaired Male Students Soleimani Sefat Erfan Younesi Seyyed Jalal Dadkhah Asghar Rostami Mohammad Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 165 172 12 01 2017 27 04 2017 Objectives: According to the prevalence of psychological problems, especially depression in people with visual impairment, this study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of group training of cognitive behavioral therapy in reducing depression in visually impaired male students.  Methods: This study employed a quasi-experimental design, with pre-test and post-test and control group. The study population included 30 students with visual impairment from high school and pre-university levels. The subjects studied at the Martyr Mohebi School in Tehran which is for visually impaired students. The subjects were selected by convenience sampling method and were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups (15 subjects in each group). The second version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-II was used as pre-test and post-test for both groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions (twice a week) of cognitive behavioral therapy while the control group followed their daily routine. Results: Data analysis was done using statistical software SPSS (version 21). ANCOVA test was performed to examine differences between the two groups. The findings of this study indicate that cognitive-behavioral therapy training was significantly effective in reducing depressive symptoms of male students with visual impairment in the experimental group (P<0.01). Discussion: The findings demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy was significantly effective in improving depression of male students with visual impairment in experimental group. The group training needs to be adopted by medical practitioners on a cohort for validating its effectiveness on a larger scale. 703 Occupational therapy The Effect of Hydrotherapy on Health of Cerebral Palsy Patients: An Integrative Review Khalaji Masoud Kalantari Minoo Shafiee Zahra Hosseini Mohammad Ali Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Department of Rehabmanagment, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran. 1 6 2017 15 2 173 180 10 02 2017 01 05 2017 Objectives: Hydrotherapy treatment is a type of complementary therapy which is administered in conjunction with other conventional modes of treatment for the treatment and rehabilitations of cerebral palsy patients. Though it has gained increasing popularity in many countries around the world, its application in Iran is still rare. The aim of this study was to perform an integrative review of the extant literature in the field of hydrotherapy and its applications for the improvement of ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) in spastic diplegia cerebral palsy patients. The review encompassed multifactorial analysis of the articles published between 2000 and 2016. Methods: All related articles published in Iran as well as other countries from across the world (during the last sixteen years) with the keywords: hydrotherapy, cerebral palsy, participation, play, motor function, body function and body structure, were extracted from databases such as Science direct, PEDro, CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest, magiran. The articles thus obtained were selected for evaluation and analysis.  Results: More than 33 papers were found from the literature search (as specified above). Of these, 18 articles were eliminated due to unrelated materials and addressing methods other than hydrotherapy rehabilitation. Of the remaining 15 papers that directly corresponded to the effect of hydrotherapy on improving ICF of spastic diplegia cerebral palsy patients, 11 articles were investigated in this review. The abstracts were evaluated first, followed by the full texts of the 11 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Discussion: The results of the review showed that hydrotherapy when applied along with other conventional methods of rehabilitation, exerts positive effects on all areas of ICF. Hydrotherapy can be used in children and adolescents with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy, but the exercises chosen must be in accordance with the physical and cognitive conditions of the patients. However, studies in some areas of ICF are limited and further studies in this field are felt.