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Ghafoor A, Tariq F, Jawad S, Tariq N. Urdu Translation and Psychometric Properties of Spinal Cord Injury Spasticity Evaluation Tool. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2025; 23 (4) :389-398
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2564-en.html

Objectives: To translate the spinal cord injury spasticity evaluation tool (SCI-SET) into Urdu and evaluate its psychometric properties.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over ten months at General Hospital, Lahore City, Pakistan, and Riphah Rehabilitation Centre in Lahore City. A sample of 175 participants with spinal cord injury (SCI) was selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Participants were aged 18–45 years, literate in Urdu, lived with SCI for at least six months, and scored ≥24 on the mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Patients with cognitive or neurological disorders were excluded. The SCI-SET was translated into Urdu (SCI-SETu) following COSMIN guidelines. Data were collected using the SCI-SETu and the functional independence measure (FIM). The analysis was performed using SPSS software, version 21. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α), test re-test reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], with 95% confidence interval [CI]), and construct validity (Pearson’s correlation with FIM) were assessed.
Results: The SCI-SETu demonstrated excellent internal consistency with a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.803 (95% CI, 0.759%, 0.842%). No floor or ceiling effects were observed. Construct validity was supported by a strong positive Pearson correlation with the FIM (r=0.788, P<0.01). The tool also showed good test re-test reliability, with an ICC of 0.801 (95% CI, 0.739%, 0.85%) and a standard error of measurement (SEM) of 0.17.
Discussion: The Urdu version of SCI-SETu demonstrated strong validity, test re-test reliability, and internal consistency, confirming it as a valuable tool for assessment in clinical and research settings.