988368
Thu, Nov 28, 2024
Volume 16, Issue 2 (June 2018)
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2018, 16(2): 163-168 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Hasanvand Z, Kalantari M, Pashazade Azari Z, Tabatabaee S M. An Investigation of the Social Function of Children With Cerebral Palsy of 2-6 Years Old. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2018; 16 (2) :163-168
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-800-en.html
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-800-en.html
1- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Biostatistics, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (4808 Views)
Objectives: Children who have a disorder in motor function often suffer from disorders in other areas of their daily lives, such as social and communicative functions. The social function of children with cerebral palsy has so far been less studied than other aspects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the social function of children with cerebral palsy of 2 to 6 years old.
Methods: This (cross-sectional) descriptive-analytic study was performed on 100 children with cerebral palsy in two age groups of 2-4 and 4-6 years old who were selected through convenient sampling from the centers for occupational therapies in Isfahan city. Children’s motor function was classified according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (hereafter, GMFCS). The social function was completed by filling in the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) by interviewing the parents. Statistical analysis was done.
Results: The statistical analyses of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of social function in 5 levels of motor function of children with cerebral palsy (P<0.0001). There was also a significant relationship between the age of children and their social function score (r=0.265 and P=0.008). Moreover, the mean scores of social function in the first and second levels of GMFCS had a significant difference in both groups (P=0.002); however, this difference was not significant in the other three levels (0.053˂P<0.647). Also, there was no significant difference between the mean score of social function of girls and that of boys (P=0.819).
Discussion: The gross motor function of children with cerebral palsy is related to their social function. This means that the lower the gross motor function of children with cerebral palsy in the GMFCS system, the higher is their social function in both age groups of 2-4 and 4-6 years. The highest score of social function was related to the first level, which has the best motor function. As the level of gross motor function increases, the score decreases. Also, in this study, the comparison of social function, in two age groups, at the corresponding levels of GMFCS showed that with increasing motor constraints with age, no significant progress was made in the social function of children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, in addition to physical interventions, social interventions should be considered for children with cerebral palsy.
Methods: This (cross-sectional) descriptive-analytic study was performed on 100 children with cerebral palsy in two age groups of 2-4 and 4-6 years old who were selected through convenient sampling from the centers for occupational therapies in Isfahan city. Children’s motor function was classified according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (hereafter, GMFCS). The social function was completed by filling in the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) by interviewing the parents. Statistical analysis was done.
Results: The statistical analyses of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the mean score of social function in 5 levels of motor function of children with cerebral palsy (P<0.0001). There was also a significant relationship between the age of children and their social function score (r=0.265 and P=0.008). Moreover, the mean scores of social function in the first and second levels of GMFCS had a significant difference in both groups (P=0.002); however, this difference was not significant in the other three levels (0.053˂P<0.647). Also, there was no significant difference between the mean score of social function of girls and that of boys (P=0.819).
Discussion: The gross motor function of children with cerebral palsy is related to their social function. This means that the lower the gross motor function of children with cerebral palsy in the GMFCS system, the higher is their social function in both age groups of 2-4 and 4-6 years. The highest score of social function was related to the first level, which has the best motor function. As the level of gross motor function increases, the score decreases. Also, in this study, the comparison of social function, in two age groups, at the corresponding levels of GMFCS showed that with increasing motor constraints with age, no significant progress was made in the social function of children with cerebral palsy. Therefore, in addition to physical interventions, social interventions should be considered for children with cerebral palsy.
Article type: Original Research Articles |
Subject:
Occupational therapy
Received: 2017/09/10 | Accepted: 2018/01/15 | Published: 2018/06/1
Received: 2017/09/10 | Accepted: 2018/01/15 | Published: 2018/06/1
References
1. Khalaji M, Kalantari M, Shafiee Z, Hosseini MA. The effect of hydrotherapy on health of cerebral palsy patients: An integrative review. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal. 2017; 15(2):173–80. [DOI:10.18869/nrip.irj.15.2.173] [DOI:10.18869/nrip.irj.15.2.173]
2. Whittingham K, Fahey M, Rawicki B, Boyd R. The relationship between motor abilities and early social development in a preschool cohort of children with cerebral palsy. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2010; 31(6):1346-51. [DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.07.006] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2010.07.006]
3. Diwan S, Rathod N, Vyas N. Correlation between motor impairment and participation in children with cerebral palsy. International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2014; 1(2):79-83. [DOI:10.5455/2349-3291.ijcp20140801] [DOI:10.5455/2349-3291.ijcp20140801]
4. Bigham M. [Cerebral palsy theories, techniques & treatment (Persian)]. Tehran: Danjeh Publication; 2006.
5. Care A. Mosby's medical dictionary. St. Louis: Mosby; 2009.
6. Kang LJ, Palisano RJ, Orlin MN, Chiarello LA, King GA, Polansky M. Determinants of social participation—with friends and others who are not family members—for youths with cerebral palsy. Physical Therapy. 2010; 90(12):1743-57. [DOI:10.2522/ptj.20100048] [PMID] [DOI:10.2522/ptj.20100048]
7. Law M, Dunn W. Perspectives on understanding and changing the environments of children with disabilities. Physical & Occupational Therapy in Pediatrics. 1994; 13(3):1-17. [DOI:10.1080/J006v13n03_01] [DOI:10.1080/J006v13n03_01]
8. Russell DJ, Avery LM, Rosenbaum PL, Raina PS, Walter SD, Palisano RJ. Improved scaling of the gross motor function measure for children with cerebral palsy: Evidence of reliability and validity. Physical Therapy. 2000; 80(9):873-85. [DOI:10.1093/ptj/80.9.873] [PMID] [DOI:10.1093/ptj/80.9.873]
9. Reddihough DS, Jiang B, Lanigan A, Reid SM, Walstab JE, Davis E. Social outcomes of young adults with cerebral palsy. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability. 2013; 38(3):215-22. [DOI:10.3109/13668250.2013.788690] [PMID] [DOI:10.3109/13668250.2013.788690]
10. Shevell MI, Dagenais L, Hall N. The relationship of cerebral palsy subtype and functional motor impairment: a population-based study. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2009; 51(11):872-7. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03269.x] [PMID] [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2009.03269.x]
11. van Schie PE, Siebes RC, Dallmeijer AJ, Schuengel C, Smits D-W, Gorter JW, et al. Development of social functioning and communication in school-aged (5-9years) children with cerebral palsy. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2013; 34(12):4485-94. [DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.033] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.ridd.2013.09.033]
12. Cadman D, Boyle M, Szatmari P, Offord DR. Chronic illness, disability, and mental and social well-being: Findings of the Ontario Child Health Study. Pediatrics. 1987; 79(5):805-13. [PMID] [PMID]
13. Beckung E, Hagberg G. Neuroimpairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2002; 44(5):309-16. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00816.x] [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2002.tb00816.x]
14. Dalvand H, Dehghan L, Feizy A, Hosseini SA. [Assessment of effect of Conductive Education (CE) on gross motor function in children with spastic Cerebral Palsy (3-6 year olds), in Vali-e-Asr Rehabilitation Foundation of Tehran (Persian)]. Archives of Rehabilitation. 2011; 11(5):26-30.
15. Dehghan L, Abdolvahab M, Bagheri H, Dalvand H, Faghih zade S. [Inter rater reliability of Persian version of Gross Motor Function Classification System Expanded and Revised in patients with cerebral palsy (Persian)]. Daneshvar Medicine. 2011; 18(91):37-44.
16. Jalili N, Godarzi M, Rassafiani M, Haghgoo H, Dalvand H, Farzi M. The influenced factors on quality of life of mothers of children with severe cerebral palsy: A survey study. Journal of Modern Rehabilitation. 2013; 7(3):40-7.
17. Moradi Abbasabadi M, Akbarfahimi N, Hosseini SA, Rezasoltani P. Reliability of the Persian Version of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory in 3 to 9-year old children with cerebral palsy. Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences. 2015; 25(130):129-37.
18. Ostensjo S, Carlberg EB, Vollestad NK. Everyday functioning in young children with cerebral palsy: Functional skills, caregiver assistance, and modifications of the environment. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2003; 45(09):603-12. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00964.x] [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2003.tb00964.x]
19. Ahl LE, Johansson E, Granat T, Carlberg EB. Functional therapy for children with cerebral palsy: an ecological approach. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2005; 47(9):613-9. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2005.tb01213.x] [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2005.tb01213.x]
20. Palisano RJ, Kang L-J, Chiarello LA, Orlin M, Oeffinger D, Maggs J. Social and community participation of children and youth with cerebral palsy is associated with age and gross motor function classification. Physical Therapy. 2009; 89(12):1304-14. [DOI:10.2522/ptj.20090162] [PMID] [DOI:10.2522/ptj.20090162]
21. Tan SS, Wiegerink DJ, Vos RC, Smits DW, Voorman JM, Twisk JW, et al. Developmental trajectories of social participation in individuals with cerebral palsy: A multicentre longitudinal study. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 2014; 56(4):370-7. [DOI:10.1111/dmcn.12343] [PMID] [DOI:10.1111/dmcn.12343]
Send email to the article author
Copyright © The Author(s);
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Contact Information
