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One Year Survival and Quality of Life in Patients Successfully Discharged From Neuro Critical Care Unit
Maryam Poursadeghfard, Kamal Bastani, Tahereh Poursadeghfard, Sina Karamimagham, Sadegh Izadi,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract

Objectives: Neuro-critical Intensive Care Units (NICUs) have functioned to deliver intensive medical care services for patients with acute neurology problems. However, physicians and ICU staff do not have any feedback about their patients and their abilities after successful discharge. Various studies have documented short-term survival in ICUs, but the long-term outcome and quality of life (QOL) are less studied.
Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study over a period of one year from February 2011 to February 2012 (Shiraz, South of Iran). Patients' charts were used to collect the data. Survival and QOL after one year following NICU admission were assessed for surviving patients by a telephone interview with patients or their family members using Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS). 
Results: Out of 93 patients, 42(45.2%) were male, and 51(54.8%) were female. Malignant ischemic stroke (34%) was the most common cause followed by Guillain Barre Syndrome (21%). Among the living successfully discharged patients, 45% were able to perform normal activity and work without any special assistance. The patients who were unable to work were 28%, but they were able to live at home and care for their most personal needs. The patients who were unable to care for themselves were 3% and required institutional or hospital care. Over one year following discharge, 24% patients were passed away.
Discussion: is lower in NICU survivors compared with general population; however, if patients' selection and out of hospital care are done appropriately and continuously, more patients can live independently or even come back to their work. Indeed, it is important to identify patients who benefit more from NICU during decision making for ICU admission. As a result, more efficient rehabilitation could be achieved in the future. However, our conclusions are only related to our ward and do not apply to the total population of critical neurology patients.


Reducing Children Behavior Problems: A Pilot Study of Tuning in to Kids in Iran
Fateme Aghaie Meybodi, Parvaneh Mohammadkhani, Abbas Pourshahbaz, Behrooz Dolatshahi, Sophie Havighurst,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract
Objectives: Parental responses to children’s negative emotions play a key role in developing emotional competence. Poor emotional competence has been linked to disruptive behavior problems in children. The Tuning in to Kids program is a new emotion-focused parenting intervention for preschoolers. The Tuning in to Kids aims to improve children’s behavior by changing mothers’ emotion socialization practices including teaching emotion coaching skills and reducing dismissing of children’s emotion. This study is an introductory evaluation of an 8-session group parenting program, Tuning into Kids, for mothers of preschool children with behavior problems in Iran.
Methods: Fiftyfour children (aged 3 to 6), who were screened via preschools and agreed to participate in the research, were randomized into intervention or waitlist control condition. Mothers in the intervention group attended the six-sessions of the Tuning in to Kids program followed by two booster sessions at two-monthly intervals thereafter. Mothers completed the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, the Parent Emotional Style Questionnaire, and the General Health Questionnaire prior to the intervention, immediately following intervention completion, and at three months follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS 22. 
Results: Mothers in the intervention group reported significantly less emotion dismissing and child behavior problems than controls at 3-month follow-up (P≤0.01); there were no significant differences for emotion coaching and maternal mental health in either condition (P≥0.05).
Discussion: The Tuning in to Kids program appears to be a promising parenting intervention for mothers and children with disruptive behavior problems, offering a useful addition to usual programs used in Iran.

Effect of Isometric Exercises on Ability and Balance of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
Nasrin Zahmatkeshan, Hamdollah Delaviz,
Volume 15, Issue 4 (11-2017)
Abstract
Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and disabling disease of the nervous system. This study was conducted to determine the effect of isometric exercises on balance and ability in the patients with MS. 
Methods: Sixty MS patients participated in this randomized controlled trial study and patients were randomly assigned into treatment and control groups. Treatment group participated in an isometric exercise program for 8 weeks and the control group followed routine treatment program. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were used to measure disability and balance status, respectively, on days 1, 28, and 56 post treatment.
Results: No significant difference was observed in the mean scores of EDSS and BSS between the control and treatment groups on day 1 post treatment. Mean scores of EDSS and BSS significantly decreased and increased, respectively, in the treatment group compared with the control group on day 56 post treatment (P<0.01). Repeated measures test in the treatment group showed there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of EDSS and BSS on day 1 compared with that on days 28 and 56 post treatment (P<0.001), while in control group there was no significant difference between the mean scores of EDSS and BSS.
Discussion: Isometric exercise programs improved balance and reduced the severe disability in MS patients and recommended as a complementary treatment program for MS patients. 

Investigating the Use of Rehabilitation Based on Play Therapy to Increase the Attention of Medical Students
Galiya Tatarinova, Heydar Ali Hussein, Ali Abdulhussain Fadhil, Ibrahim Mourad Mohammed, Saif Yaseen Hasan, Mazin A.a. Najm, Nathera Hussin Alwan,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (6-2023)
Abstract
Objectives: Attention is one of the cognitive functions that can be enhanced through cognitive rehabilitation. Play therapy is a treatment option for cognitive impairments. This study aims to investigate the use of rehabilitation based on play therapy to increase the attention of medical students.
Methods: The present research is a randomized controlled clinical trial. The statistical population included all 162 third-year students of the College of Medicine in 2022 at the University of Baghdad City, Iraq. Using simple random sampling, the statistical population of 70 people was selected and then divided into intervention (n=35) and control (n=35) groups. Play therapy was provided to individuals in the intervention group, while subjects in the control group did not receive any intervention. We used the IVA-2 CPT software, version 2019.1 to assess visual and auditory attention as well as response control performance. The pre-test and post-test stages were separated by a 15-week interval. The data were analyzed via the multivariate covariance analysis in the SPSS software, version 23. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results: The results indicated a statistically significant difference between the intervention group’s mean pre-test and post-test scores (P<0.001); thus, the rehabilitation based on play therapy significantly enhanced attention in the intervention group. Also, the post-test results revealed a statistically significant difference between both groups (P<0.001).
Discussion: Rehabilitation based on play therapy is an effective way to increase people’s attention.

Coresponding author: Galiya Tatarinova, E-mail: tat_galiya@mail.ru
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Visual Reliance to Restore Balance in Healthy, Prone to Injury, Coper, and Chronic Ankle Instability Individuals
Mohammad Hani Mansoori, Mohammad Karimizadeh Ardakani, Mitra Omidi, Fatemeh Gholami,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (3-2024)
Abstract
Objectives: The visual system plays a crucial role in controlling the posture of individuals by updating information on the positions and movements that different parts of the body perform. This study aimed to investigate and compare the role of vision in balance recovery strategies between healthy, prone to injury, Coper, and chronic ankle instability (CAI).
Methods: The current research was of an applied and comparative type, which was conducted on male athletes in the age group of 18 to 30 years. Subjects were divided purposefully into four groups including CAI (n=15), Coper (n=15), prone to ankle injury (n=15), and healthy group (n=15). In this study, treadmills were used to create disturbance in the subjects’ postures in both anterior and posterior directions, and Kinovea software to record kinematic information about subjects during sudden disturbances. Paired t-test was used to compare the scores of the subjects in open and closed eyes.
Results: The results of the paired t-test showed that in the variables of ankle oscillations, hip oscillations, and the ratio of the hip to ankle oscillations in both anterior and posterior disturbances in the groups of CAI, Coper, prone to injury, and healthy, there was a significant difference between open eyes (P=0.001) and closed eyes (P=0.001). The order of most fluctuations in all variables was from CAI group to Coper, prone to injury, and healthy, indicating the greater effectiveness of balance recovery strategies by eliminating visual feedback in the CAI group.
Discussion: To summarize the research findings, compared with uninjured and Coper participants, those with CAI had less balance and more functional limitations. Therefore, in training programs for ankle sprain rehabilitation, special attention should be paid to balance recovery strategies and the role of visual feedback to control posture.

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