Showing 23 results for Mother
Seyed Hadi Motamedi, Reza Seyednour, Morteza Noori Khajavi, Susan Afghah,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (9-2007)
Abstract
Objectives: The global prevalence of lifetime depression is very high among women in the world–approximately 12-25 percent. The global prevalence of disability is also very high and the estimated figure for the end of 2000 was put at around 300 million. The child’s disability stresses the mother the most, and this stress shows itself in the form of depression, and causes the mother’s performance or function to drop, and thus has a negative effect on the child’s treatment.
Methods: The research is of the analytical kind (cross sectional), and as well as depression other demographic items are reviewed. The sample study volume is one hundred mothers of disabled children who went to one of the rehabilitation centers of the provincial town of Karaj between 2002 and 2006. The tools for this study is the standardised beck depression scale, and the test data was broken down and analysed by (chi square) and the SPSS software.
Results: The results of this study indicated that 73% of mothers, had degrees of depression, and approximately 21% of them suffered from severe depression, and out of all the variables, there was a significant relationship only between the mothers’ depression and the children’s type of disability.
Discussion: The results of this study indicated that the depression levels among mothers of disabled children were equal to 3-5 of the global range, and in view of the negative effects that the mothers’ depression have on the recuperation process of the children, the necessity to support parents with disabled children –which would to a large extent reduce the stress levels– is felt more than before.
Asghar Dadkhah, Robabeh Ghaffar Tabrizi, Sahel Hemmati,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (10-2009)
Abstract
Objectives: Quality of life for disabled children often has been assessed based on functional status or parental perceptions rather than direct reports from the children. The objective of this study was evaluating the quality of life of mothers with disabled children.
Methods: There is widespread acceptance of the need for disabled children to be fully integrated into society but there needs to be further attitudinal change. Totally forty mothers with a cerebral palsy child and forty mothers with health problems participated in a study. Health Survey was used to assess a mother’s quality of life.
Results: The mean scores on Health Survey were significantly lower in mothers of children with disabled child than those of the other group. The quality of life scores also was correlated with the severity of disability. Coping strategies were clear correlates of health related quality of life when socio-demographic, disability related and social support variables were studied. The relationship between coping strategies and quality of life was the more revaluation of life values.
Discussion: The results suggest that greater focus needs to be directed to coping strategies and to ways of facilitating adaptive outcomes in rehabilitation. Different coping strategies and psychosocial programmes must be designed and implemented to decrease the burden of care.
Shirin Valizadeh, Rahman Berdi Ozouni Davaj, Asghar Dadkhah,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (10-2009)
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effectiveness of group Coping Skills training on reducing stress of mothers with mentally retarded children's.
Methods: The research method was quasi experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. Population of the study was all of the mothers of mentally retarded children's that referred to welfare organization centers in Tehran. The sample was 44 mothers of mentally retarded children's that randomly selected from participations that had inclusion criteria. They were placed randomly in case group (22 mothers) and control group (22 mothers). Case group received 12 session’s of coping skills training, while control group didn’t receive any intervention.
Results: The results showed that case group had significantly decreased in stress level after intervention than control group (P<0.001).
Discussion: Results of this study indicated that coping skills training for decreasing stress level of mothers with mentally retarded children's is effective. Based on the results, coping skills training can be considered an effective program for prevention of stress and promoting coping skills in mothers with mentally retarded children's.
Shirin Valizadeh,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (4-2010)
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effectiveness of group anger management skills training on reducing aggression of mothers with ADHD children's.
Methods: The research method was quasi experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. Population of the study was all of the mothers of children's with ADHD that referred to counseling and psychological clinics in Tehran. The sample was 40 mothers children's with ADHD that randomly selected from population. They were placed randomly to experimental group (20 mothers) and control group (20 mothers). Experimental group received 10 session’s of anger management skills training, while control group didn’t receive any intervention.
Results: The results showed that experimental group had significantly decreased in aggression level after intervention than control group (P<0.001).
Discussion: Results of this study indicated that anger management skills training in decreasing aggression level of mothers with ADHD children's is effective. Based on the results anger management skills training can be considered an effective program for prevention of aggression and promoting anger management skills in mothers with ADHD children's.
Mehrnoush Esbati,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (10-2011)
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior education on decreasing deterministic thinking in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders.
Methods: Participants were 24 mothers of autistic children who were referred to counseling centers of Tehran and their children’s disorder had been diagnosed at least by a psychiatrist and a counselor. They were randomly selected and assigned into control and experimental groups. Measurement tool was Deterministic Thinking Questionnaire and both groups answered it before and after education and the answers were analyzed by analysis of covariance.
Results: The results indicated that cognitive-behavior education decreased deterministic thinking among mothers of autistic children, it decreased four sub scale of deterministic thinking: interaction with others, absolute thinking, prediction of future, and negative events (P<0.05) as well.
Discussions: By learning cognitive and behavioral techniques, parents of children with autism can reach higher level of psychological well-being and it is likely that these cognitive-behavioral skills would have a positive impact on general life satisfaction of mothers of children with autism.
Aida Dehkhoda, Bahman Bahmani, Asghar Dadkhah, Maedeh Naghiyaee, Fahimeh Limohamadi, Kourosh Goudarzipour,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (4-2013)
Abstract
Objectives: Some of the mothers of children with cancer suffer from reactive depression and confront existential crises, and benefit from their image of God in coping with it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of spiritually-oriented cognitive therapy on reducing depression symptoms in mothers of children with cancer.
Methods: A single case experimental design and an A-B form were used in this study. The participants were selected through purposeful sampling. We studied three of the mothers of children who had been admitted to the pediatric ward of ‘Mofid Pediatric Hospital’. These children were aged under 12years they suffered from any kind of cancer except brain tumor cancer had not metastasized to other parts of the body the mothers themselves had no history of psychiatric illness prior to their child’s illness, and had mild to moderate depression at the time of screening. These mothers were subjected to spirituallyoriented cognitive therapy for 10 individual sessions, 90 minutes per week. The depression grade and the changes were measured with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).
Results: Comparing the mothers’ scores through 8 times of completing the inventory (three at baseline, three during the therapy and two follow-ups), and calculating the percent of recovery showed a decrease in depression scores.
Discussion: It seems that spiritually-oriented cognitive therapy can enhance the spiritual experience and reduce depression in cognitive and existential contexts.
Zahra Ahmadizadeh, Maryam Mokhlesin,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2014)
Abstract
Objectives: The high number of cerebral palsy, the severe disability of this disorder, depression in disabilities, and long lasting effects of the child`s disability on the family especially mothers are the common issues. The purpose of this study was investigating the level of depression in mothers with cerebral palsy children and its related factors.
Methods: This caused comparative study was carried out in Tehran, in 2011. Two groups of mothers with 4 to 12 years old healthy and cerebral palsy children were randomly selected to participate in this study. Beck questionnaire was used to evaluate mothers’ depression level. The relationship between variables was investigated by independent T-test and Pearson’s correlation.
Results: Sixty mothers with cerebral palsy children and sixty mothers with normal children as control group were participated in the study. Mean and standard deviation of age were 33.79±6.02 in mothers and 7.11±2.71 in children. Depression of mothers with cerebral palsy child was significantly higher than control group and there was a significant correlation between depression of mothers with cerebral palsy children, and increasing caring time, dependency in activity of daily living and children`s gross and fine movements ability.
Discussion: Although depression was higher in mothers with cerebral palsy children, the depression level of these mothers was affected by some factors related to the child issue. In order to decrease undesirable effects of having a cerebral palsy child, it is necessary to emphasize on children`s abilities to achieve maximum evolution potential and provide physical and mental protections for their mothers.
Saeid Abbasi, Firoozeh Sajedi, Sahel Hemmati, Pouria Rezasoltani,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (12-2014)
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of life skills training on quality of life in mothers of children with Down syndrome.
Methods: This research was done as a semi-experimental with pre-post test and with control group. Statistical population included all children with down syndrome, age from 2 months to 8 years, and their mothers who referred to Iran's down syndrome society. Thirty six children were randomly chosen and equally assigned to two groups: experimental and control group. The data were collected by using the demographic questionnaire and the short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life. Experimental group was trained for life skills in 12 sessions, each session 60 minutes. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software and multivariate analysis of covariance test.
Results: The results indicate that the mean score of quality of life in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group after intervention.
Discussion: According to the results, life skills training increased the quality of life in mothers of children with Down syndrome. Therefore the life skill training can be applied in mental health services for improving the quality of life in mothers of children with Down syndrome.
Zahra Nikmanesh, Leila Parandeh, Syed Hamid Reza Abtahi, Mahsa Sepehrnejad, Mohammad Hossein Nilforoush,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (9-2015)
Abstract
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between religious coping and quality of life of mothers of children with hearing deficiency.
Methods: In this study, 55 mothers of children with hearing deficiency referred to Isfahan Cochlear Implant Center, from June to August 2012, were selected through applying census method. The participants answered the questionnaires of Religious Coping and Quality of Life (FS36).
Results: Results of correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant negative relationship between negative emotions toward God and the mental dimension of quality of life. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between benevolent appraisal and the physical dimension of quality of life. Regression analysis showed that negative emotions could explain 7.2% of variations in the mental dimension of respondents’ quality of life.
Discussion: The increase in negative religious coping behaviors (e.g. negative emotions toward God) was associated with reduction of quality of life of mothers of children with hearing deficiency.
Taghi Hadizad, Firoozeh Sajedi, Guita Movallali, Pourya Reza Soltani,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (9-2016)
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of resiliency training in improving the mother-child relationship between mothers and their children with mental retardation.
Methods: This study employed an experimental design (pre-test, post-test) with the control group. The statistical population consisted of 52 mothers and their educable and mentally retarded children (3-12 years old) who were kept at daily welfare agency centers in Babol city, Iran. The experimental group received resiliency training program in 12 sessions (70 mins for each session) while the control group received no intervention. The measurement tool consisted of the mother-child’s relationship questionnaire. Data analysis was done using multivariate analysis of covariance at a significance level of P<0.05.
Results: The post-test analysis showed a significant decrease in the exclusion of children, extreme support and the easy going nature of mothers in the experimental group; however, the acceptance rate of mothers increased significantly.
Discussion: It seems that the resiliency training program improves the mother-child relationship in the case of mothers and their mentally retarded children and hence, reduces the exclusion, extreme support, and being easy-going nature. This improvement may be due to the changing attitude towards disability and improvement in the skills and behaviors of mothers.
Rogayeh Koohi, Firouzeh Sajedi, Gita Movallali, Marilyn Dann, Poria Soltani,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (12-2016)
Abstract
Objectives: The parent-child relationship is one of the strongest predictors of a child’s adjustment during adulthood. Many hearing-impaired children have normal hearing families, and this issue adversely affects the parent-child relationship; however, studies on interventions have focused on high-risk clinical specimens.
Methods: The effect of the Faranak parent-child program (Persian version of parent-child Mother Goose program) on the quality of mother-child relationship has been evaluated in this study, which involved families having preschool, hearing-impaired children. A group of 14 mothers with hearing-impaired children participated in this 12-week program. The control group received no training. Both groups were asked to complete the Gerrard parent-child questionnaire before and after the intervention program to assess their relationship with their children before and after the program.
Results: The mothers who were part of the experiment group reported many positive changes in their relationship with the child during the program.
Discussion: The Frank parent-child Mother Goose program could help families with hearing-impaired children in this 12-week community-based program, wherein parents learned skills that affect the relationship between mother and child.
Fatemeh Behnia, Mehdi Rassafiani, Sara Nakhai, Maryam Mohammadpour, Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (3-2017)
Abstract
Objectives: Studies around the world have shown that having a child with disability impacts a mother’s time use. The purpose of this study was to compare the time use of mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with mothers of typically developing children.
Methods: Eighty-four Iranian mothers (42 with ASD children and 42 with typically developing children) completed the Mothers’ Time Use Questionnaire (MTUQ).
Results: Mothers of ASD children spent more time doing childcare activities (P<0.001), but no significant differences were found in time spent in self-care, rest/sleep, leisure, household chores, job or social participation activities. Furthermore, quality and enjoyment of daily activities were significantly lower in mothers of children with ASD compared to mothers of typically developing children.
Discussion: Mothers of ASD children are more prone to having an imbalanced life. Hence, there is a need for occupational therapists to work in partnership with mothers to support their occupational engagement and life satisfaction.
Fateme Aghaie Meybodi, Parvaneh Mohammadkhani, Abbas Pourshahbaz, Behrooz Dolatshahi, Sophie Havighurst,
Volume 15, Issue 3 (9-2017)
Abstract
Objectives: Parental responses to children’s negative emotions play a key role in developing emotional competence. Poor emotional competence has been linked to disruptive behavior problems in children. The Tuning in to Kids program is a new emotion-focused parenting intervention for preschoolers. The Tuning in to Kids aims to improve children’s behavior by changing mothers’ emotion socialization practices including teaching emotion coaching skills and reducing dismissing of children’s emotion. This study is an introductory evaluation of an 8-session group parenting program, Tuning into Kids, for mothers of preschool children with behavior problems in Iran.
Methods: Fiftyfour children (aged 3 to 6), who were screened via preschools and agreed to participate in the research, were randomized into intervention or waitlist control condition. Mothers in the intervention group attended the six-sessions of the Tuning in to Kids program followed by two booster sessions at two-monthly intervals thereafter. Mothers completed the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, the Parent Emotional Style Questionnaire, and the General Health Questionnaire prior to the intervention, immediately following intervention completion, and at three months follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS 22.
Results: Mothers in the intervention group reported significantly less emotion dismissing and child behavior problems than controls at 3-month follow-up (P≤0.01); there were no significant differences for emotion coaching and maternal mental health in either condition (P≥0.05).
Discussion: The Tuning in to Kids program appears to be a promising parenting intervention for mothers and children with disruptive behavior problems, offering a useful addition to usual programs used in Iran.
Zahra Nikmanesh, Hadi Ansari,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (3-2018)
Abstract
Objectives: The birth and presence of an exceptional child in a family can be considered as an undesirable challenging event. This event may be associated with stress, frustration, sadness, and despair. This study aimed to examine the relationship of religious coping styles with general health and psychological well-being among mothers of mentally disabled children.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the mothers (n=68) whose mentally disabled children were enrolled in spacial schools in Zabol in the academic year 2012-2013. A study population was selected and homogenized through applying a convenience sampling method. Aflakseir and Coleman Religious Coping Scale, Keyes and Magyar Subjective Well-Being Questionnaire, and Goldberg and Hillier General Health Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analyses were performed by applying a Pearson correlation coefficient and a stepwise regression analysis.
Results: This study revealed that negative feelings towards God and passive religious coping were related to subscales of general health among the mothers of mentally disabled children. The stepwise regression analysis demonstrated the most significant role of negative feelings towards God in predicting general health among the mothers of mentally disabled children. Moreover, none of the subscales of religious coping were able to predict the mothers’ psychological well-being.
Discussion: The results of the current study suggest that the religious coping styles affect the general health among the mothers of mentally disabled children. This study also indicated that paying attention to the type of religious coping used by these mothers is essential.
Alireza Amiri, Minoo Kalantari, Mehdi Rezaee, Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (6-2018)
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the correlation between mother-child relationship and the rate of participation of children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in leisure time activities.
Methods: This study is a descriptive and correlational research. The statistical population included cerebral palsy children aged 7-17 years with a mother who is at least 25 years old. A sample size of 152 children was selected using systematic random sampling. The children filled the King’s assessment of participation and enjoyment questionnaire, whereas the mothers responded to a survey of Roth’s mother-child relationship evaluation. We collected the data and analyzed them (Spearman’s correlation test, One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney) using SPSS 16 software.
Results: The results showed that there is a correlation between mother-child relationship and the rate of participation of cerebral palsy children in leisure time activities. There was a significant correlation between acceptance of child and the increasing involvement in leisure activities in case of cerebral palsy children. Over protection, excessive ease, and child rejection in a mother-child relationship was associated with reduction in the participation rate of the cerebral palsy children and adolescents in leisure activities. In case of quadriplegic children, the acceptance of child and participation rate was low compared to hemiplegic and diplegic children. Excessive ease of a mother-child relationship in girls was more than boys, but boys experienced more child rejection of a mother-child relationship than girls.
Discussion: Participation rate, frequency (how often), and the enjoyment of participation in leisure time activities were correlated with mother-child relationship. Participation differences were existed among CP groups.
Mohammad Lalehgani Dezaki, Gholamreza Ghaedamini Harouni, Sina Ahmadi, Meroe Vameghi, Homeira Sajjadi, Mansoore Ghafari,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
Objectives: Disability occurs as a sudden and unexpected incident, and coping with it depends on the conditions and lifestyle, the remaining abilities, cooperation of other family members, and the role of rehabilitation team. Rehabilitation work includes medical, professional and social rehabilitation teams. The family is also defined as an essential member of the social rehabilitation team. The present study aimed to assess the quality of life of mothers of children with intellectual disabilities, as an important member of the social rehabilitation team.
Methods: In this analytical and descriptive study, statistical population consisted of all Mothers of Mentally Retarded Children (MMRC) (educable, trainable and isolated), and Mothers of Children with Normal Intelligence (MCNI) in Shahr-e-Kord City, Iran. Total sample size was considered to be 306. For gathering data, the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey instrument, validated in Iran, and for analyzing the data 1-way ANOVA, linear regression and discriminant analysis were used.
Results: In terms of all quality of life dimensions and total score, there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.001) and MCNI group scored higher compared to MMRC group. The greatest difference between the two groups was related to physical function (effect size=40.7%), and the least was related to limitations in usual role activities because of emotional problems (effect size=30.9%).
Discussion: Mothers are an important mediator in providing rehabilitation services (secondary or tertiary prevention) to their children. Once their roles are neglected in the rehabilitation team work, the secondary and tertiary prevention activities for the disabled child will not be effective, and in the near future, mothers will be among the most vulnerable groups requiring rehabilitation services. Therefore, during the provision of secondary and tertiary prevention services for children, mothers’ health status should also be monitored for the purpose of primary prevention.
Sahar Johari, Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh, Fatemeh Sanei, Naser Havaei, Mostafa Daemi,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (3-2019)
Abstract
Objectives: The present study examined the effect of home-based handling training of mothers on the improvement of gross motor function of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP).
Methods: In this randomized control trial, 42 children with CP (5-12 years old) were randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups. Data were collected using the Gross Motor Function Classification System and Gross Motor Function Measure.
Results: Gross motor function suggested significant improvement in the intervention group, in comparison with the control group (P<0.01).
Discussion: Handling training of mothers could be advised as a complementary and helpful intervention for gross motor function improvement in children with CP.
Ahmad Mohammadi, Afsoon Hassani Mehraban,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (3-2020)
Abstract
The benefits of play-based occupational therapy for hospitalized children with cancer warrant further exploration. Pediatric cancer disease symptoms, complications from treatment, and multiple and prolonged hospitalizations restrict participation in the daily activities of a child’s life. However, occupational therapy services in pediatric oncology are limited because of the disease nature, treatment complications, hospital environment, and unclear play-based occupational therapy frame. For this purpose, we decided to introduce the process of occupational therapy in such children, using the play-based approach by reviewing the current literature. Considering limitations and problems in hospitalized children with cancer, it seems that controlling symptoms, facilitating independent doing of daily activities, improving the Quality of Life (QoL), and making hospital environment more acceptable are more accessible, using the play-based approach compared with other traditional interventions.
Mortaza Moghari, Zahra Rahemi, Zohreh Sadat, Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (6-2022)
Abstract
Objectives: Nausea is one of the most important symptoms of patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study aims to determine the effects of aromatherapy with sour lemon on nausea in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Methods: A total of 50 patients undergoing chemotherapy were randomly assigned to experimental and placebo (control) groups. The two groups completed the visual analogue scale for nausea before and the first to the fourth week after starting the intervention. The intervention was performed during chemotherapy. Using a dropper, a paper towel was saturated with 3 drops of sour lemon essential oil; however, for the control group, 3 mL of water as a placebo was spread on a paper towel. The intervention in the experimental and control groups was performed once a week for 4 weeks during weekly chemotherapy sessions.
Results: At the beginning of the study, no significant difference was observed between the mean score of nausea in the two groups (P>0.05). The first to the fourth week after starting the intervention, significant differences were observed between the mean score of nausea in the two groups (P<0.05). The results of the repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that the mean score of nausea changed over time in the experimental group, indicating a gradual decrease in the mean score of nausea (P<0.05).
Discussion: Our findings indicated that aromatherapy with sour lemon can be effective in reducing nausea in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Raghad Nadhim Suhib, Saja Hashim Mohammed,
Volume 20, Issue 2 (6-2022)
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the psychosocial burden on mothers and its relationship to the Quality of Life (QoL) of children with cerebral palsy living in Babylon Province, Iraq.
Methods: This research is a descriptive correlational study. A non-probability sampling method was used to choose a sample of 150 mothers who had children with cerebral palsy. According to the Babel Health Directorate, this sample was recruited from two hospitals: Imam AL-Sadiq Hospital and Babylon Rehabilitation Centre. The reliability of the study questionnaire was achieved through a pilot study and then presented to experts to prove its validity. The total number of items included in the study questionnaire was 20 items. The data were collected by using semi-structured interviews and analyzed by the application of descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: According to the findings, 49.3% of mothers experienced a high level of psychological burden, 68.7% a high level of social burden, and 92% experienced a low QoL for their cerebral palsy children. The QoL for cerebral palsy children was significantly correlated with mothers’ psychosocial burden (r=-0.142; P=0.012).
Discussion: Mothers expressed a high level of psychological burden as a risk for psychiatric morbidity because of the burden of care, which leads to a relative reduction or stimulation of parents’ demands. Mothers’ psychosocial burdens are highly associated with their children’s QoL. More research is needed to assess the requirements and concerns of families with CP children.
