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Showing 5 results for Naming
Object and Action Naming: A Study on Persian-Speaking Children
Reza Nilipour, Tahereh Sima Shirazi, Narges Afshordi, Christina Kauschke,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (4-2013)
Abstract

Objectives: Nouns and verbs are the central conceptual linguistic units of language acquisition in all human languages. While the noun-bias hypothesis claims that nouns have a privilege in children’s lexical development across languages, studies on Mandarin and Korean and other languages have challenged this view. More recent cross-linguistic naming studies on children in German, Turkish, English and Korean demonstrate that all languages, including Korean show a noun advantage however the degree of this discrepancy differs between languages. The aim of this study wasto look at object and action naming in normal Persian children as a measure of conceptual developmentin preschool children and its possible use for screening and therapeutic procedures.

Methods: In this analytical study, noun bias and processing dissociation of object and action naming in 64 three to six year old healthy monolingual Persian-speaking children was investigated. A black and white picture naming task, consisting of 36 nouns (natural and man-made), and 36 verbs (transitive and intransitive) was designed using DMDX software to measure response accuracy and reaction time of the subjects.

Results: The results indicate a significant noun advantage with regard to accuracy and naming latencies. The results also reveal that transitive verbs are named more accurately than intransitive ones in Persianspeaking children. Also,the data indicate that accuracy of object and action namingimprove with age (P=0.000).

Discussion: Based on the resultswe recommended that a standardized Persian object and action naming battery be used. Such a tool would have the potential of screening lexical development delay and possible noun-verb performance gap in preschool children.


Lexical Access in Persian Normal Speakers: Picture Naming, Verbal Fluency and Spontaneous Speech
Zahra Sadat Ghoreishi, Mojtaba Azimian, Anahita Khorrami Banaraki, Javad Alaghband Rad, Seyed Majid Rafiee, Mahyar Salavati, Fateme Tahmaseb Zade, Zahra Sedigh, Sara Pishevar, Vahide Mohammadi Sabet,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (6-2014)
Abstract

Objectives: Lexical access is the process by which the basic conceptual, syntactical and morpho-phonological information of words are activated. Most studies of lexical access have focused on picture naming. There is hardly any previous research on other parameters of lexical access such as verbal fluency and analysis of connected speech in Persian normal participants. This study investigates the lexical access performance in normal speakers in different issues such as age, sex and education.

Methods: The performance of 120 adult Persian speakers in three tasks including picture naming, verbal fluency and connected speech, was examined using "Persian Lexical Access Assessment Package”. The performance of participants between two gender groups (male/female), three education groups (below 5 years, above 12 years, between 5 and 12 years) and three age groups (18-35 years, 36-55 years, 56-75 years) were compared.

Results: According to findings, picture naming increased with increasing education and decreased with increasing age. The performance of participants in phonological and semantic verbal fluency showed improvement with age and education. No significant difference was seen between males and females in verbal fluency task. In the analysis of connected speech there were no significant differences between different age and education groups and just mean length of utterance in males was significantly higher than females.

Discussion: The findings could be a primitive scale for comparison between normal subjects and patients in lexical access tasks, furthermore it could be a horizon for planning of treatment goals in patients with word finding problem according to age, gender and education.


Comparing Verb and Object Naming Between Patients With Parkinson Disease and Patients With Cortical Stroke
Zahra Mohamadi, Nahid Jalilevand, Masoud Roudbari, Azar Mehri,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (12-2018)
Abstract
Objectives: Based on recent studies, verb naming is more impaired than noun naming in patients with Parkinson Disease (PD). Noun and verb retrieval problems has been well documented in patients with cortical damage. To explore the possible contribution of cortex and subcortex areas in word finding test performance, we studied verb and object naming in patients with cortical and subcortical lesions.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, object and verb naming were examined in two patient groups, including patients with PD and patients with cortical stroke. The healthy control group was also matched on age and education with the patients. The non-parametric tests were performed to investigate the obtained data. 
Results: Both the PD patients and patients with cortical stroke presented a significant impairment in their capacity to name objects and verbs, compared to the healthy controls (P<0.05). Both patient groups did not statistically perform differently on these tasks (P>0.05). There was also a significant difference between verb naming and object naming in both patient groups (P<0.001). 
Discussion: The similarity between two patient groups and the difference between them and healthy individuals in language output, can denote the role of both cortical regions and basal ganglia in the language processing.

The Analysis of Semantic Field in Persian-Speaking Patients With Wernicke’s Aphasia
Omid Azad,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (9-2020)
Abstract
Objectives: Wernicke’s aphasia is one of the most prominent focal brain deficits affecting the comprehension abilities of patients while preserving their production abilities. Although a lot of studies in different languages have been conducted to analyze the nature of this deficit, still some controversies exist in this regard. While some research studies attribute this defect to a performance problem, some research highlight competence deficit and hypothesize qualitative problems. This research, considering the lack of sufficient literature in Persian, tries to reconcile this controversy by investigating the nature of the semantic field in Persian-speaking patients with Wernicke’s aphasia and to compare their semantic processing abilities with those of healthy controls.
Methods: In doing so, a semantic judgment task was administered to 10 patients with Wernicke’s aphasia and their age- and education-matched controls to recognize different semantic relations between a group of words whose meanings were related to each other in some way or another.
Results: The results showed dissociation in the subjects’ performance. While patients with Wernicke’s aphasia had severe deficits in semantic judgment tasks, healthy control performed very well. This selective performance was also observed in different semantic pairs. Also, patients with Wernicke’s aphasia performed poorly in almost all classes of semantic pairs, but the severity of their problems was more prominent in certain semantic categories.
Discussion: The findings, in line with a competence deficit hypothesis, suggest that linguistic items are processed in the mental lexicon as a semantic unit. Hence, linguistic items are categorized in a brain network correlating with each other based on different semantic relationships. 
The Relationship Between Memory, Type, and Severity of Aphasia With Confrontation Naming in Post-stroke Patients With Chronic Aphasia
Reihaneh Saber-Moghadam, Afsaneh Zeinalzadeh, Mehrzad Momenzadeh, Mohammad Taghi Farzadfar, Hamide Ghaemi, Davood Sobhani-Rad,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (12-2022)
Abstract
Objectives: The brain’s widespread neural functions lead to aphasia in which the patients experience difficulties in cognitive and language functions. Memory, type, and severity of aphasia are associated with language and the naming process. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between memory, type, and severity of aphasia using the confrontation naming test in post-stroke patients with chronic aphasia.
Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. We selected 45 chronic aphasia patients aged 35-70 years. The participants with a mild to moderate score in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were assessed with the Persian naming test, Wechsler Memory Scale, and Persian Western Aphasia Battery.
Results: There was a significant difference between memory with correct answers without a cue, correct answers with a semantic cue, and the total correct answers from confrontation naming (P<0.001, r=0.62; P=0.01, r=0.37; and P<0.001, r=0.71; respectively). Furthermore, the results indicated a significant difference between the type of aphasia with subtests of confrontation naming involving correct answers with semantic cues and total correct answers (P=0.02). Also, the results showed a significant difference between the severity of aphasia with correct answers without a cue, correct answers with a semantic cue, and the total correct answers from confrontation naming (P<0.001, r=0.77; P=0.03, r=0.31; and P<0.001, r=0.67; respectively). In comparing semantic and phonetic cues, memory, type, and severity of aphasia indicated significant association only with semantic cues.
Discussion: There is an association between memory, type, and severity of aphasia with confrontation naming in patients with aphasia. The data have highlighted the importance of factors that need to be considered to formulate a comprehensive treatment plan to achieve further improvement in naming skills.

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