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Tue, Jul 22, 2025
Volume 23, Issue 3 (September- In Press 2025)
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2025, 23(3): 0-0 |
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Ethics code: IR.MAZUMS.REC.1399.8347
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Gharib M, Razavipour M, Mohammad Amini P. The Upper Limb Functional Index: A Cross-Cultural Adaptation for the Evaluation of Upper Limb Disorders in Iranian Patients. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2025; 23 (3)
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2531-en.html
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2531-en.html
1- Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
2- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
2- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Abstract: (153 Views)
Objective: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and psychometrically validate the Persian version of the Upper Limb Functional Index (ULFI) in Iranian patients with upper limb musculoskeletal disorders.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 Iranian outpatients diagnosed with upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Translation and cultural adaptation were conducted in accordance with Beaton et al.'s guidelines, including forward translation, back-translation, expert panel review, and pilot testing. Psychometric evaluation involved internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), construct validity (convergent validity with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand [DASH] questionnaire), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and responsiveness.
Results: The Persian ULFI exhibited excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91) and high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82–0.93). Convergent validity was confirmed through a strong correlation with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire (r = 0.76, P < 0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a unidimensional structure, with fit indices (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.96, Tucker-Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.95, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.06, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.04). Responsiveness analysis demonstrated significant improvement after rehabilitation (effect size = 0.89, standardized response mean [SRM] = 1.12, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The Persian ULFI is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool for assessing upper limb function in Iranian patients. It can be effectively used in clinical settings and research to evaluate rehabilitation outcomes and functional impairment.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 Iranian outpatients diagnosed with upper limb musculoskeletal disorders. Translation and cultural adaptation were conducted in accordance with Beaton et al.'s guidelines, including forward translation, back-translation, expert panel review, and pilot testing. Psychometric evaluation involved internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), construct validity (convergent validity with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand [DASH] questionnaire), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and responsiveness.
Results: The Persian ULFI exhibited excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.91) and high test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82–0.93). Convergent validity was confirmed through a strong correlation with the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire (r = 0.76, P < 0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported a unidimensional structure, with fit indices (comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.96, Tucker-Lewis Index [TLI] = 0.95, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.06, standardized root mean square residual [SRMR] = 0.04). Responsiveness analysis demonstrated significant improvement after rehabilitation (effect size = 0.89, standardized response mean [SRM] = 1.12, P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The Persian ULFI is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool for assessing upper limb function in Iranian patients. It can be effectively used in clinical settings and research to evaluate rehabilitation outcomes and functional impairment.
Article type: Original Research Articles |
Subject:
Occupational therapy
Received: 2025/05/23 | Accepted: 2025/05/26 | Published: 2025/10/1
Received: 2025/05/23 | Accepted: 2025/05/26 | Published: 2025/10/1
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