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Fri, Oct 24, 2025
Volume 23, Issue 4 (December-In Press 2025)
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2025, 23(4): 0-0 |
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Ethics code: IR.BASU.REC.1401.026
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Ashoury H, Yalfani A, Azizian M. Adding Aquatic Exercise to Kinetic Chain Exercise for Rehabilitation of Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2025; 23 (4)
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2563-en.html
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2563-en.html
1- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
2- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Abstract: (278 Views)
Introduction: Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) has a considerable influence on individuals' daily activities. Aquatic exercise (AE) has been utilized for musculoskeletal rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of open and closed kinetic chain exercises in water on range of motion (ROM) and balance in men with CNSLBP.
Materials and methods: A 3-arms randomized controlled trial assigned 60 men with CNSLBP to open-chain aquatic exercises (OCAE), closed-chain aquatic exercises (CCAE), and control group (n=20 each). Intervention groups exercised for 8 weeks, 3 sessions/week. Outcomes were ROM, dynamic balance, and pain.
Results: The findings of the study showed that OCAE and CCAE improved ROM, dynamic balance and, pain. The results showed a significant difference between OCAE, CCAE groups and control group in left ROM (F=11.447,p<0.001,η2=0.367), right ROM (F=14.806, p<0.001, η2=0.343), pain (F=112.386, p<0.001,η2=0.801), dynamic balance(Anterior) (F=6.065, p<0.004, η2=0.178), dynamic balance(Posterior-lateral) (F=7.204, p<0.002, η2=0.204), dynamic balance(Posterior-medial) (F=3.964, p<0.005, η2=0.124).
Conclusion: Considering that the improvement in ROM, dynamic balance, and pain improved in the OCAE and CCAE group compared to control group, aquatic exercise can be considered as a supplementary program to rehabilitation protocols for individuals with CNSLBP.
Materials and methods: A 3-arms randomized controlled trial assigned 60 men with CNSLBP to open-chain aquatic exercises (OCAE), closed-chain aquatic exercises (CCAE), and control group (n=20 each). Intervention groups exercised for 8 weeks, 3 sessions/week. Outcomes were ROM, dynamic balance, and pain.
Results: The findings of the study showed that OCAE and CCAE improved ROM, dynamic balance and, pain. The results showed a significant difference between OCAE, CCAE groups and control group in left ROM (F=11.447,p<0.001,η2=0.367), right ROM (F=14.806, p<0.001, η2=0.343), pain (F=112.386, p<0.001,η2=0.801), dynamic balance(Anterior) (F=6.065, p<0.004, η2=0.178), dynamic balance(Posterior-lateral) (F=7.204, p<0.002, η2=0.204), dynamic balance(Posterior-medial) (F=3.964, p<0.005, η2=0.124).
Conclusion: Considering that the improvement in ROM, dynamic balance, and pain improved in the OCAE and CCAE group compared to control group, aquatic exercise can be considered as a supplementary program to rehabilitation protocols for individuals with CNSLBP.
Keywords: Aquatic exercise, Open and Closed Kinetic Chain Exercises, Balance, Non-Special Chronic Back Pain
Article type: Original Research Articles |
Subject:
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Received: 2025/07/7 | Accepted: 2025/09/9 | Published: 2025/12/9
Received: 2025/07/7 | Accepted: 2025/09/9 | Published: 2025/12/9
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