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Volume 24, Issue 3 (September 2026)
Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2026, 24(3): 345-356 |
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Ethics code: IR.UMA.REC.1401.081
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Barghamadi M, Barzegarfar L, Piri E. Comparison of Push-off Muscle Electromyography Mean Frequency Before and After Running-induced Fatigue in Pronated-foot Runners Wearing Carbon-plated or Cushioned Shoes. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 2026; 24 (3) :345-356
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2829-en.html
URL: http://irj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2829-en.html
1- Department of Sport Biomechanics, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Abstract: (648 Views)
Objectives: This study aimed to compare push-off lower-limb muscle electromyography (EMG) mean frequency (MNF) between recreational male runners with pronated feet using carbon-plated and highly cushioned non-plated footwear, with particular attention to muscles involved in late-stance stabilization and propulsion.
Methods: Thirty recreational male runners with pronated feet were randomly assigned to a carbon-plated advanced technology footwear (ATF) group (Nike ZoomX Vaporfly Next% 2; n=15) or a non-plated cushioned footwear group (Nike Invincible Run 3; n=15). A two-way mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine footwear-group, fatigue, and footwear-group × fatigue interaction effects.
Results: Compared to the non-plated cushioned footwear group, the carbon-plated footwear group demonstrated higher overall push-off EMG-MNF values in the vastus medialis (VM) (P<0.001, η²p=0.291), vastus lateralis (P<0.001, η²p=0.220), and biceps femoris (BF) (P<0.001, η²p=0.251). Across footwear groups, post-fatigue testing was associated with higher semitendinosus (ST) MNF (P<0.001, η²p=0.330) and higher BF MNF (P=0.001, η²p=0.159). A significant footwear-group×fatigue interaction was observed only for the medial gastrocnemius (MG) (P=0.001, η²p=0.163), indicating that the pattern of pre- to post-fatigue change differed between footwear groups, with MNF increasing in the non-plated footwear group and decreasing in the carbon-plated footwear group.
Discussion: Carbon-plated footwear was associated with higher push-off EMGMNF in the VM, vastus lateralis, and BF. Fatigue increased MNF in the ST and BF, while the MG showed different fatigue-related responses between footwear conditions.
Methods: Thirty recreational male runners with pronated feet were randomly assigned to a carbon-plated advanced technology footwear (ATF) group (Nike ZoomX Vaporfly Next% 2; n=15) or a non-plated cushioned footwear group (Nike Invincible Run 3; n=15). A two-way mixed repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine footwear-group, fatigue, and footwear-group × fatigue interaction effects.
Results: Compared to the non-plated cushioned footwear group, the carbon-plated footwear group demonstrated higher overall push-off EMG-MNF values in the vastus medialis (VM) (P<0.001, η²p=0.291), vastus lateralis (P<0.001, η²p=0.220), and biceps femoris (BF) (P<0.001, η²p=0.251). Across footwear groups, post-fatigue testing was associated with higher semitendinosus (ST) MNF (P<0.001, η²p=0.330) and higher BF MNF (P=0.001, η²p=0.159). A significant footwear-group×fatigue interaction was observed only for the medial gastrocnemius (MG) (P=0.001, η²p=0.163), indicating that the pattern of pre- to post-fatigue change differed between footwear groups, with MNF increasing in the non-plated footwear group and decreasing in the carbon-plated footwear group.
Discussion: Carbon-plated footwear was associated with higher push-off EMGMNF in the VM, vastus lateralis, and BF. Fatigue increased MNF in the ST and BF, while the MG showed different fatigue-related responses between footwear conditions.
Article type: Original Research Articles |
Subject:
Rehabilitation
Received: 2026/08/11 | Accepted: 2026/09/27 | Published: 2026/09/13
Received: 2026/08/11 | Accepted: 2026/09/27 | Published: 2026/09/13
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